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AP US History vocabulary list: Difference between revisions
→Early Republic
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<ul><li>{{#tip-text:American System|based on ideas of Alexander Hamilton, promoted by Henry Clay and JQ Adams, general Whig policies of early to mid 18th century, including: tariff, land sales for revenue, National Bank, "internal improvements"; adherents to the American System were called Federalists or "National Republicans" and later became Whigs}}</ul></li> | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:American System|based on ideas of Alexander Hamilton, promoted by Henry Clay and JQ Adams, general Whig policies of early to mid 18th century, including: tariff, land sales for revenue, National Bank, "internal improvements"; adherents to the American System were called Federalists or "National Republicans" and later became Whigs}}</ul></li> | ||
* Cabinet | * Cabinet | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Citizen Genet affair|French Ambassador Genet sparked outrage by his attempts to raise money and a | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:Citizen Genet affair|1793; French Ambassador Genet sparked outrage by his attempts to raise money and a militia of US citizens to fight in France's war against Britain and Spain; Washington demanded his removal as ambassador and issued the Proclamation of Neutrality as a result of the affair}}</ul></li> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Democratic-Republican Party|following Jefferson's vision of a more decentralized national governance, his partisans organized the party to oppose Hamilton's centralization programs, especially the national bank, tariffs, and national debt; the party stood for agrarianism, free trade, individual liberty and states-rights}}</ul></li> | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:Democratic-Republican Party|following Jefferson's vision of a more decentralized national governance, his partisans organized the party to oppose Hamilton's centralization programs, especially the national bank, tariffs, and national debt; the party stood for agrarianism, free trade, individual liberty and states-rights}}</ul></li> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Federalist party|following Alexander Hamilton's program of an active, strong federal government that exercised powers over the economy and in support of industry, especially through a national bank, a tariff, and investment in infrastructure}}</ul></li> | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:Federalist party|following Alexander Hamilton's program of an active, strong federal government that exercised powers over the economy and in support of industry, especially through a national bank, a tariff, and investment in infrastructure}}</ul></li> | ||
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<ul><li>{{#tip-text:National Bank|the First National Bank was chartered by Congress in 1791 (the Second came in 1816); the Bank's role was to manage a national currency and the national debt, establish credit, and facilitate financial transactions for economic growth; | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:National Bank|the First National Bank was chartered by Congress in 1791 (the Second came in 1816); the Bank's role was to manage a national currency and the national debt, establish credit, and facilitate financial transactions for economic growth; | ||
core to Hamilton's program}}</ul></li> | core to Hamilton's program}}</ul></li> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Pinckney's Treaty|1795 treaty negotiated by American Thomas Pickney w/ Spain to guarantee U.S. access to and navigation rights along the Mississippi River; also settled border dispute over Florida (putting Chickasaw and Choctaw Nation lands within the U.S.), and secured Spanish promise not to incite indian attacks on either side; }}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:political parties|as ideological disputes arose between Hamilton (federalist) and Jefferson (anti-federalist) factions, supporters of each joined in what would become "political parties" -- or political organizations designed to influence and control the federal government; the Whiskey Rebellion and the growing divide between French and British supporters in the country fueled the political divisions and their eventual, formal organization; George Washington warned of the dangers of political parties in his Farewell Address}}</ul></li> | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:political parties|as ideological disputes arose between Hamilton (federalist) and Jefferson (anti-federalist) factions, supporters of each joined in what would become "political parties" -- or political organizations designed to influence and control the federal government; the Whiskey Rebellion and the growing divide between French and British supporters in the country fueled the political divisions and their eventual, formal organization; George Washington warned of the dangers of political parties in his Farewell Address}}</ul></li> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Proclamation of Neutrality|1793; as England and France went to war, the United State attempted to maintain neutrality between them; the Proclamation asserted the right of American ships to bypass French and British blockades of each other's ports and to trade with either nation; the policy was hugely beneficial to American merchants who profited from the situation and whose shipbuilding and merchant marine industry grew enormously}}</ul></li> | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:Proclamation of Neutrality|1793; as England and France went to war, the United State attempted to maintain neutrality between them; the Proclamation asserted the right of American ships to bypass French and British blockades of each other's ports and to trade with either nation; the policy was hugely beneficial to American merchants who profited from the situation and whose shipbuilding and merchant marine industry grew enormously}}</ul></li> | ||
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<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Whiskey Rebellion|1794; western Pennsylvania farmers objected to the 1791 federal "whisky tax", and "excise" tax on "spirits" (alcohol), which was a big part of Hamilton's economic and fiscal program; protesters attacked tax collectors and federal officers sent to enforce the law; Washington ordered federal troops and state militia to put down the rebellion, an assertion of federal powers}}</ul></li> | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:Whiskey Rebellion|1794; western Pennsylvania farmers objected to the 1791 federal "whisky tax", and "excise" tax on "spirits" (alcohol), which was a big part of Hamilton's economic and fiscal program; protesters attacked tax collectors and federal officers sent to enforce the law; Washington ordered federal troops and state militia to put down the rebellion, an assertion of federal powers}}</ul></li> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Washington's Farewell Address}}</ul></li> | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:Washington's Farewell Address}}</ul></li> | ||
=== Judiciary/ Judicial terms === | === Judiciary/ Judicial terms === | ||
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=== Adams presidency === | === Adams presidency === | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Alien & Sedition Acts|}}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:British-French conflict & Napoleonic Wars|in 1792, the new French Republic attacked Austria and Netherlands, and in 1795 Prussia and Italy; by the Napoleon Bonaparte had taken control of the French Army and began his attempted conquest of all of Europe; the wars united the French, who felt threatened by and who in turn threatened the monarchs of Europe; the British opposed the French expansionism, especially through its superior Navy, and, eventually, on land during the Napoleonic Wars; Americans were politically divided in their sympathies for France or Britain, nominally between Jefferson (for France) v. Adams/Hamilton (for Britain)}}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:impressment|}}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Midnight Appointments|just before close of his presidency, Adams made last minute appointments of federal officers and magistrates, including that of John Marshall to be Chief Justice of the Supreme Court; Jeffersonians mocked the appointments as "Midnight Judges"; and refused to deliver any remaining appointments when he took office, including that of William Marbury}}</ul></li> | |||
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== Early Republic flow charts == | == Early Republic flow charts == | ||