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AP US History vocabulary list: Difference between revisions
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→Revolutionary Era people
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=== British Laws & Regulations === | |||
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="float:right; width=30%;" | |||
|+ Chronology of Colonial Acts | |||
|- | |||
! Year | |||
! Act | |||
|- | |||
| 1763 | |||
| Sugar Act | |||
|- | |||
| 1764 | |||
| Quebec Act | |||
|- | |||
| 1765 | |||
| Quartering Act | |||
|- | |||
| 1766 | |||
| Declaratory Act | |||
|- | |||
| 1767 | |||
| Townsend Act | |||
|- | |||
| 1773 | |||
| Tea Act | |||
|- | |||
| | |||
| Coervice Acts | |||
|} | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Coercive Acts|}}</ul> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Currency Acts|1764: banned colonial use of paper money; colonials had been using paper money (basically an I.O.U.) to pay debts, which lowered their cost as the paper money was worth less than British currency}}</ul> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Intolerable Acts|}}</ul> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Navigation Acts|}}</ul> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Olive Branch Petition|}}</ul> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Quartering Act|1765; "quartering" means housing (room and board) passed same year as the Stamp Act, but not directly related; during the French-Indian War, the British Army was unhappy with provisioning of its troops by Colonies (i.e., not paying for quartering), although New York was more accommodating; however, in 1764, the New York Assembly did not renew its funding for quartering British troops, thinking the war was over so it was unnecessary; British commander Thomas Gage asked Parliament to require such funding, which became the Quartering Act; it offended the colonies because it created a "standing army," or a peacetime force; along with the Stamp Act and its enforcement via Vice admiralty courts, the colonies objected to the presence of the British regular army during peacetime}}</ul> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Stamp Act|1765; aimed to raise revenue (not mercantilist in nature), taxed any printed item, including contracts, titles, almanacs, playing carts, etc.; highest fees were on legal documents, so impacted the wealthy most; was efficient to collect; was enforced by the Vice Admiralty Court; overall goal of the Act was to assert parliamentary supremacy; outraged the colonists, esp. enforcement by the naval courts}}</ul> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Sugar Act|replaced the Molasses Act of 1733 and lowered duties on sugar with the goal of raising more revenue through a more reasonable tax rate; after its passage, Parliament authorized that its enforcement belong to the Vice-Admiralty courts}}</ul> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Tea Act|1773}}</ul> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Townsend Acts|}}</ul> | |||
=== Revolutionary Era people === | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:John Adams|}}</ul> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Samuel Adams|}}</ul> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:John Dickinson|}}</ul> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Lord Dunmore|}}</ul> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Benjamin Franklin|as scientist and successful publisher, the most famous American in his day; up until final moments before war, was always conciliatory to the British, accepting of British rule, and sought compromise; however, stood firm for colonial rights, including representation in Parliament; was early thinker about colonial union, esp. given experience as Postmaster of the colonies (Albany Plan); Franklin was an "Enlightenment" thinker who sought to explain the world through reason; this led him to "deism" (see entry)}}</ul> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:George Grenville|Prime Minister (head of Parliamant), asserted British sovereignty over colonies and led various enforcement and tax laws through Parliament, including the Sugar Act; Grenville's tax policies shifted British tax policy away from mercantilism towards revenue-raising}}</ul> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Thomas Jefferson|}}</ul> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Lord North|}}</ul> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Thomas Paine|}}</ul> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Charles Townshend|succeeded Grenville}}</ul> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:George Washington|}}</ul> | |||
== American Revolution flowcharts == | == American Revolution flowcharts == | ||
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== Revolutionary War == | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Battle of Saratoga|}}</ul></li> | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:Battle of Saratoga|}}</ul></li> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Valley Forge|}}<li>virtual representation|the British idea that the colonies were represented "virtually," or in essence, by Parliament and without "direct" representation; following the Stamp Act, Benjamin Franklin argued for representation in Parliament: "If you chuse to tax us, give us Members in your Legislature and let us be one People." A core problem with representation was that the proprietary colonial landowners traditionally resided in London and therefore managed their colonial affairs from there, with direct influence in Parliament; Lonodon-based Caribbean plantation owners and merchants, especially, argued against direct representation, as "virtual representation" gave them more control over the colonies}}</li></ul> | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:Valley Forge|}}<li>virtual representation|the British idea that the colonies were represented "virtually," or in essence, by Parliament and without "direct" representation; following the Stamp Act, Benjamin Franklin argued for representation in Parliament: "If you chuse to tax us, give us Members in your Legislature and let us be one People." A core problem with representation was that the proprietary colonial landowners traditionally resided in London and therefore managed their colonial affairs from there, with direct influence in Parliament; Lonodon-based Caribbean plantation owners and merchants, especially, argued against direct representation, as "virtual representation" gave them more control over the colonies}}</li></ul> | ||