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(→Verbs quick start guide: linking verbs) |
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** linking verbs do not have objects | ** linking verbs do not have objects | ||
*** instead, they have "complements | *** instead, they have "complements | ||
== Verb tense, conjugation and subject-verb matching quick start guide == | |||
* "conjugation" means "to inflect" a verb according to the "person" of its subject | |||
** "inflection" = word ending changes | |||
*** i.e., "go" >> "going", or "go" >> "goes" | |||
** "person" = the "voice" or "perspective" of the subject of a sentence | |||
*** i.e., "I" = first person singular; "we" = first person plural, etc. | |||
=== Person === | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|+Verbs: "person" of the subject | |||
!Person | |||
!Singular | |||
!Plural | |||
|- | |||
|First person | |||
|I | |||
|we | |||
|- | |||
|Second person | |||
|you | |||
|you (all) | |||
|- | |||
|Third person | |||
|he / she / it | |||
|they | |||
|- | |||
| | |||
|singular noun | |||
(ex. ''the lion roars'') | |||
|plural noun | |||
(ex. ''the lions roar'') | |||
|} | |||
=== Conjugation === | |||
* matches subject and verb | |||
** or, the verb-ending matches the person of the subject | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|+Conjugation: "to be" | |||
! | |||
!singular | |||
!plural | |||
! | |||
|- | |||
|First person | |||
|I am | |||
|We are | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|Second person | |||
|You are | |||
|You (all) are | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|Third person | |||
|He / She / It is | |||
|They are | |||
| | |||
|} | |||
the SAT test will only ask students to select between third person singular ("'''it'''") and third person plural ("'''they'''") | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|+Conjugation: "to go" | |||
! | |||
!singular | |||
!plural | |||
! | |||
|- | |||
|First person | |||
|I go | |||
|We go | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|Second person | |||
|You go | |||
|You (all) go | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|Third person | |||
|He / She / It goes | |||
|They go | |||
| | |||
|} | |||
=== Tense === | |||
* tense = verb forms that indicate time (when) | |||
** past, present, future | |||
** and sub-categories of them | |||
* for the SAT, know that the present perfect '''HAS''' and '''HAVE''' verb forms are PRESENT TENSE | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|+Present Tense: third person singular and plural | |||
! | |||
!Simple present | |||
!Present Continuous | |||
!Present Perfect | |||
|- | |||
|Singular | |||
|It works | |||
|It is working | |||
|It '''has''' worked | |||
|- | |||
| | |||
|It interacts | |||
|It is interacting | |||
|It '''has''' interacted | |||
|- | |||
| | |||
|It does | |||
|It is doing | |||
|It '''has''' done* | |||
|- | |||
|Plural | |||
|They work | |||
|They are working | |||
|They '''have''' worked | |||
|- | |||
| | |||
|They interact | |||
|They are interacting | |||
|They '''have''' interacted | |||
|- | |||
| | |||
|They do | |||
|They are doing | |||
|They '''have''' done. | |||
|} | |||
* HAD is PAST TENSE | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|+Past Tense: third person singular and plural | |||
! | |||
!Simple present | |||
!Present Continuous | |||
!Present Perfect | |||
|- | |||
|Singular | |||
|It worked | |||
|It was working | |||
|It '''had''' worked | |||
|- | |||
| | |||
|It interacted | |||
|It was interacting | |||
|It '''had''' interacted | |||
|- | |||
| | |||
|It did* | |||
|It was doing | |||
|It '''had''' done* | |||
|- | |||
|Plural | |||
|They worked | |||
|They were working | |||
|They '''had''' worked | |||
|- | |||
| | |||
|They interacted | |||
|They were interacting | |||
|They '''had''' interacted | |||
|- | |||
| | |||
|They did* | |||
|They were doing | |||
|They had done.* | |||
|} | |||
<nowiki>*</nowiki> irregular | |||
== Punctuation quick start guide == | == Punctuation quick start guide == |