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Learning process: Difference between revisions
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# Independent practice | # Independent practice | ||
=== Guided | === Guided Practice === | ||
* by "guided" we mean "teacher shows, demonstrates, explains," etc. | * by "guided" we mean "teacher shows, demonstrates, explains," etc. | ||
** i.e., "guided" = the teacher helps the student | ** i.e., "guided" = the teacher helps the student | ||
* by "practice" we mean the student "does" along with what the teacher "guides" | * by "practice" we mean the student "does" along with what the teacher "guides" | ||
* for the student guided practice may entail: | |||
** | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|+ | |||
!Teacher Shows | |||
!Student Does | |||
!Methodology | |||
!Positive | |||
!Negative | |||
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|Lecture | |||
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* listen | |||
* take notes | |||
* ask questions | |||
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* Lecture-based Guided Practice extends student prior knowledge | |||
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* instructional and informational transfer can be maximized via lecture | |||
* pacing must match classroom and individual student "prior knowledge", upon which new learning is built and practiced | |||
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* students must be "guided" in effective lecture- based learning | |||
* students may process new information at different paces | |||
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|Cooperative (or Group) Work | |||
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* follow teacher or project instruction | |||
* actively participate | |||
* | |||
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* with teacher guidance students practice in groups so that each becomes both teacher and student | |||
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* So long as the students have been guided properly on goals steps, outcomes, etc., cooperative practice yields more active student practice than lecture | |||
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* students may not cooperate with one another | |||
* the learning will be constrained by the limits and parameters of the activity | |||
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|} | |||
=== Independent practice === | === Independent practice === | ||
* by "independent" we mean the student engages the "practice" alone, without teacher guidance | |||
** paired or group practice is not entirely independent | |||
== | === Feedback === | ||
=== GUIDED & INDEPENDENT PRACTICE | * Guided Practice is connected to Independent Practice via teacher feedback | ||
* feedback comes in the form of | |||
** questions and answers | |||
** formal or informal assessment with correction | |||
*** informal assessment: teacher asks or presents students with questions, usually without grading | |||
**** i.e., in-class Question and Answer | |||
**** worksheets | |||
**** review | |||
*** formal assessment: graded independent practice to be measured by a grade | |||
**** homework, quiz, test, project, etc. | |||
<u>'''Learning process depictions''' | |||
== FEEDBACK LOOP == | |||
{{#mermaid:flowchart LR | |||
subgraph 1 | |||
direction TB | |||
A[TEACHER GUIDED PRACTICE]--TEACHER SHOWS--> B[STUDENT INDEPENDENT PRACTICE] | |||
end | |||
subgraph 2 | |||
direction TB | |||
D[TEACHER GUIDED PRACTICE] --> E[STUDENT INDEPENDENT PRACTICE] | |||
end | |||
1--ASSESSMENT-->C[FEEDBACK] | |||
C--CORRECTION-->2 | |||
2-->F[FEEDBACK] | |||
}} | |||
== GUIDED & INDEPENDENT PRACTICE == | |||
{{#mermaid:flowchart TD; | {{#mermaid:flowchart TD; | ||
A[Teacher]-- 1.Teacher introduces new topic or concept -->B[GUIDED PRACTICE]; | A[Teacher]-- 1.Teacher introduces new topic or concept -->B[GUIDED PRACTICE]; | ||
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}} | }} | ||
== ASSESSMENT == | |||
{{#mermaid:flowchart TD; | {{#mermaid:flowchart TD; | ||
A[Teacher]-- 1.Teacher assigns test & reviews -->B[GUIDED PRACTICE]; | A[Teacher]-- 1.Teacher assigns test & reviews -->B[GUIDED PRACTICE]; | ||