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Social Studies skills: Difference between revisions
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== Cognitive biases, effects & syndromes == | == Cognitive biases, effects & syndromes == | ||
=== Celebration Parallax === | |||
* parallax = different views from different vantage points of the same object | |||
** see Theory of Errors | |||
* conceived by journalist Michael Anton, who defines the celebration parallax as | |||
** "“the same fact pattern is either true and glorious or false and scurrilous depending on who states it.” | |||
*** see [https://americanmind.org/salvo/thats-not-happening-and-its-good-that-it-is/ “That’s Not Happening and It’s Good That It Is”] | |||
*** Anton coined the term to criticize the disingenuity of 2010s politics and political statements that frequently denied unpopular policies but "celebrated" their imposition regardless of their popularity | |||
* more plainly stated as the phenomenon of when an observer or public speaker denies the existence of something, then goes on to state that, "while it is not happening (or true), it's a good thing that it is" | |||
* see also the "Law of Merited Impossibility" | |||
=== Confirmation bias === | === Confirmation bias === | ||
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** see [[wikipedia:Inventor's_paradox|Inventor's paradox - Wikipedia]] | ** see [[wikipedia:Inventor's_paradox|Inventor's paradox - Wikipedia]] | ||
* the less mathematically inclined might call it the "Lost Keys Paradox" | * the less mathematically inclined might call it the "Lost Keys Paradox" | ||
=== Law of Merited Impossibility === | |||
* a statement that denies the existence or possibility of something, but then condemns those who oppose it | |||
** used to denigrate those of an opposing position | |||
** i.e., “That will ''never'' happen, and when it does, boy will you deserve it.” | |||
*** see Michael Anton's "Celebration Parallax" above or [https://americanmind.org/salvo/thats-not-happening-and-its-good-that-it-is/ “That’s Not Happening and It’s Good That It Is”] | |||
=== Lost keys paradox === | === Lost keys paradox === | ||
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* similar to the "Howard Stern effect" , which is the phenomenon of celebrities who attracts an audience from people who hate them more than of those who like them | * similar to the "Howard Stern effect" , which is the phenomenon of celebrities who attracts an audience from people who hate them more than of those who like them | ||
** named for "shock jock" Howard Stern, a radio personality, who specializes in offensive, rude, or shocking content | ** named for "shock jock" Howard Stern, a radio personality, who specializes in offensive, rude, or shocking content | ||
=== Theory of Errors === | |||
* also called "observational errors" | |||
* the rule that given an accumulation of even erroneous observations, the mean or average of all observations will generally yield a correct observation | |||
* in statistics, it is called "Propagation of uncertainty", and it is used to | |||
** used famously to identify the correct location of a moon of Saturn by taking the average of a series of incorrect observations, which yielded the precise location of the moon | |||
* theory of errors is similar to "wisdom of the crowd", a phenomenon that affirms that the average opinion or action of a crowd is likely the correct one | |||
** a test of the wisdom of the crowd would be to ask random people the number bubble gum balls in a jar. | |||
*** individuals guesses will be incorrect | |||
*** but the average of all guesses will yield a close or proximate answer | |||
=== Other/ todo === | === Other/ todo === | ||
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* attribution to experts fallacy | * attribution to experts fallacy | ||
* unbroken leg fallacy | * unbroken leg fallacy | ||
* wisdom of the crowd | |||
* | |||
== Other theories & conceptual tools == | == Other theories & conceptual tools == | ||