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** they then forcibly seized control of trade with Malaka (in modern Malaysia) a major spice-trade center | ** they then forcibly seized control of trade with Malaka (in modern Malaysia) a major spice-trade center | ||
** this allowed them to by-pass Indian markets and purchase spices at their origins at much lower prices | ** this allowed them to by-pass Indian markets and purchase spices at their origins at much lower prices | ||
*** the Portuguese and Indian relationship was both trade- and war-based | *** the Portuguese and Indian relationship was both trade- and war-based | ||
**** < to source | |||
*** the Italian monopoly on the pepper market collapsed from Portuguese competition | *** the Italian monopoly on the pepper market collapsed from Portuguese competition | ||
*** by 1588 profits from pepper trade accounted for half of Portuguese government revenue | *** by 1588 profits from pepper trade accounted for half of Portuguese government revenue | ||
** the Portuguese King Manuel | ** the Portuguese King Manuel I was known as the "Grocer King" | ||
*** grocer etymology: | *** "grocer" etymology: | ||
**** c. 15th century dervied from "gross" or bulk | **** c. 15th century dervied from "gross" or bulk | ||
*** >> to find Manuel letter to european kings bragging about the discovery | |||
**** Source: [https://www.merriam-webster.com/words-at-play/grocery-store-word-origin#:~:text=The%20history%20of%20grocery%20begins,having%20the%20same%20meaning%2C%20groser Marriam-Webster]. | **** Source: [https://www.merriam-webster.com/words-at-play/grocery-store-word-origin#:~:text=The%20history%20of%20grocery%20begins,having%20the%20same%20meaning%2C%20groser Marriam-Webster]. | ||
* Sources: | * Sources: | ||
** [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_discovery_of_the_sea_route_to_India Portuguese Discovery of the Sea Route to India (wikipedia)] | |||
** [https://dynamicdoingness.com/the-spice-trade/ The Spice Trade] | ** [https://dynamicdoingness.com/the-spice-trade/ The Spice Trade] | ||
** [https://asia.nikkei.com/NAR/Articles/A-history-lesson-in-trade-from-the-Spice-Islands A history lesson in trade from the Spice Islands] | ** [https://asia.nikkei.com/NAR/Articles/A-history-lesson-in-trade-from-the-Spice-Islands A history lesson in trade from the Spice Islands] |