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=== Minor Effects === | === Minor Effects === | ||
==Time== | == Time, change & continuity == | ||
=== measurement of time === | |||
* in history, time is both linear and relative | |||
** i.e., common cycles & conditions may occur at different times in different places | |||
** each measures itself | |||
* peoples across history measure time via | |||
** sun, seasons, moon cycles, weather, and leaders or dynasties | |||
* modern measurement of time | |||
** B.C. or B.C.E. | |||
** A.D. or C.E. | |||
** B.P. | |||
=== Stability=== | |||
* humans crave stability and predictability | |||
** people do not like uncertainty | |||
** religions, institutions & other social structures are designed to manage uncertainty | |||
* societies change or don't change according to events or conditions | |||
* agents of change include: | |||
** cultural diffusion | |||
** climate | |||
** food supply (impacted by climate and cultural diffusion) | |||
** population (impacted by food supply) | |||
** technologies (impacted by climate and spread by cultural diffusion) | |||
===Change=== | ===Change=== | ||
=== Continuity === | |||
* punctuated equilibrium | |||
** moments of rapid change | |||
** = critical juncture | |||
==Cultural Diffusion== | ==Cultural Diffusion== |