4,997
edits
US History timeline & concept chart: 10th-16th centuries pre-colonial Native Americans to early North American colonization (Spanish, French, Dutch): Difference between revisions
US History timeline & concept chart: 10th-16th centuries pre-colonial Native Americans to early North American colonization (Spanish, French, Dutch) (view source)
Revision as of 23:36, 9 May 2021
, 9 May 2021→Post-Columbian Eastern Native American tribes overview
No edit summary |
|||
| Line 467: | Line 467: | ||
|- style="vertical-align:top;" | |- style="vertical-align:top;" | ||
| | | | ||
* | * 1450-1660 Iroquois League<br><br> | ||
* 1680s Wabanaki Confederacy | * 1680s Wabanaki Confederacy | ||
|| | || | ||
=== pre-Columbian Native American tribal alliances === | === pre-Columbian Native American tribal alliances === | ||
* Iroquois League or Confederacy | * Iroquois League or Confederacy | ||
=== post-Columbian exchange === | === post-Columbian exchange === | ||
* trade | * trade, especially fur trade | ||
* technological and economic exchange changed intra-tribal power dynamics, including: | * technological and economic exchange changed intra-tribal power dynamics, including: | ||
* iron tools and weapons, guns, horses | * iron tools and weapons, guns, horses | ||
** colonial and European trade and currencies/ value systems | ** colonial and European trade and currencies/ value systems | ||
* tribal leverage of colonial contacts for competition & expansion | |||
|| | || | ||
'''BIG IDEAS''' | '''BIG IDEAS''' | ||
| Line 483: | Line 484: | ||
* Northeastern Native American tribal alliances | * Northeastern Native American tribal alliances | ||
** '''Iroquois''' tribes | ** '''Iroquois''' tribes | ||
*** located west and south of the St. Lawrence River | |||
*** generally aligned with the British | *** generally aligned with the British | ||
** '''Algonquin''' tribes | ** '''Algonquin''' tribes | ||
[[File:Algonquian langs.png|thumb|Pre-contact distribution of Algonquian languages]] | |||
*** generally aligned with the French | *** generally aligned with the French | ||
*** located east and north of the St. Lawrence River and the Great Lakes | |||
'''DETAILS''' | '''DETAILS''' | ||
* '''Iroquois League''', established c. 1450 (prior to Columbus), lasted to 1660 | * '''Iroquois League''', established c. 1450 (prior to Columbus), lasted to 1660 | ||
| Line 492: | Line 496: | ||
** ''Iroquois'' = French name given to the tribes | ** ''Iroquois'' = French name given to the tribes | ||
** to the Iroquois, their name was "Haudenosaunee" for "People of the Longhouse" | ** to the Iroquois, their name was "Haudenosaunee" for "People of the Longhouse" | ||
** known to the English as | ** the League was known to the English as '''Five Nations''' | ||
*** later Six Nations after Tuscarora joined in 1722) | *** later Six Nations after Tuscarora joined in 1722) | ||
** NOTE: “nation” or “clans” = better descriptor than “tribes” but collections of tribes who share certain commonalities, viz location, language, leadership, conquest, adoption | ** NOTE: “nation” or “clans” = better descriptor than “tribes” but collections of tribes who share certain commonalities, viz location, language, leadership, conquest, adoption | ||
** the League negotiated w/ English, maintained independence | ** the League negotiated w/ English, maintained independence | ||
** opposed to the Algonquian, which were aligned w/ French, but some Iroquois settled in French held territory and aligned w/ them | ** opposed to the Algonquian, which were aligned w/ French, but some Iroquois settled in French held territory and aligned w/ them | ||
* Wabanaki Confederacy, 1680s | *** was also opposed to the Iroquois-speaking '''Huron''' tribes | ||
** '''Acadia''' | ** to control the Beaver trade, the Iroquois League sought: | ||
*** to control the St. Lawrence River system & lower Great Lakes | |||
*** to control the Ohio Valley | |||
* '''Wabanaki Confederacy''', 1680s | |||
** alliance of four main and ten other Algonquian tribes in '''Acadia''' | |||
*** Acadia =New France province in modern Maine | |||
** organized to oppose New England encroachment on lands above settled boundary on the Kennebec River in modern Maine | ** organized to oppose New England encroachment on lands above settled boundary on the Kennebec River in modern Maine | ||
** | ** '''Wabanaki'' means " "People of the Dawn" or "Easterner" | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||