Learning process: Difference between revisions

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# Independent practice
# Independent practice


=== Guided practice ===
=== Guided Practice ===
* by "guided" we mean "teacher shows, demonstrates, explains," etc.
* by "guided" we mean "teacher shows, demonstrates, explains," etc.
** i.e., "guided" = the teacher helps the student
** i.e., "guided" = the teacher helps the student
* by "practice" we mean the student "does" along with what the teacher "guides"
* by "practice" we mean the student "does" along with what the teacher "guides"
** for the student guided practice may entail:
* for the student guided practice may entail:
** listening
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Teacher Shows
!Student Does
!Methodology
!Positive
!Negative
|-
|Lecture
|
* listen
* take notes
* ask questions
|
* Lecture-based Guided Practice extends student prior knowledge
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* instructional and informational transfer can be maximized via lecture
* pacing must match classroom and individual student "prior knowledge", upon which new learning is built and practiced
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* students must be "guided" in effective lecture- based learning
* students may process new information at different paces
|-
|Cooperative (or Group) Work
|
* follow teacher or project instruction
* actively participate
*
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* with teacher guidance students practice in groups so that each becomes both teacher and student
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* So long as the students have been guided properly on goals steps, outcomes, etc., cooperative practice yields more active student practice than lecture
|
* students may not cooperate with one another
* the learning will be constrained by the limits and parameters of the activity
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|}


=== Independent practice ===
=== Independent practice ===


* by "independent" we mean the student engages the "practice" alone, without teacher guidance
** paired or group practice is not entirely independent


== Learning process depiction ==
=== Feedback ===


=== GUIDED & INDEPENDENT PRACTICE ===
* Guided Practice is connected to Independent Practice via teacher feedback
* feedback comes in the form of
** questions and answers
** formal or informal assessment with correction
*** informal assessment: teacher asks or presents students with questions, usually without grading
**** i.e., in-class Question and Answer
**** worksheets
**** review
*** formal assessment: graded independent practice to be measured by a grade
**** homework, quiz, test, project, etc.
 
<u>'''Learning process depictions'''
 
== FEEDBACK LOOP ==
 
{{#mermaid:flowchart LR
    subgraph 1
        direction TB
        A[TEACHER GUIDED PRACTICE]--TEACHER SHOWS--> B[STUDENT INDEPENDENT PRACTICE]
    end
    subgraph 2
        direction TB
        D[TEACHER GUIDED PRACTICE] --> E[STUDENT INDEPENDENT PRACTICE]
    end
    1--ASSESSMENT-->C[FEEDBACK]
    C--CORRECTION-->2
    2-->F[FEEDBACK]
 
}}
 
== GUIDED & INDEPENDENT PRACTICE ==
{{#mermaid:flowchart TD;
{{#mermaid:flowchart TD;
  A[Teacher]-- 1.Teacher introduces new topic or concept -->B[GUIDED PRACTICE];
  A[Teacher]-- 1.Teacher introduces new topic or concept -->B[GUIDED PRACTICE];
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}}
}}


=== ASSESSMENT ===
== ASSESSMENT ==
{{#mermaid:flowchart TD;
{{#mermaid:flowchart TD;
  A[Teacher]-- 1.Teacher assigns test & reviews -->B[GUIDED PRACTICE];
  A[Teacher]-- 1.Teacher assigns test & reviews -->B[GUIDED PRACTICE];