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* identify document source, date, historical context | * identify document source, date, historical context | ||
* | * contextualize document and not to confuse it for wrong period or context in wrong possible answer | ||
* | * identify other errors in wrong possible answers | ||
For '''Free Response''' sections ('''FRQ, DBQ'''), students are to: | For '''Free Response''' sections ('''FRQ, DBQ'''), students are to: | ||
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== US History: BIG IDEAS for American self-conception and historical choices == | == US History: BIG IDEAS for American self-conception and historical choices == | ||
Students may address | Students may address historical themes, events, and periods using the various notions of self-conception of Americans across history. Note that these concepts change over time. A short list of topics/ core ideas includes: | ||
<div style="column-count:2"> | <div style="column-count:2"> | ||
the American Dream | the American Dream | ||
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</div> | </div> | ||
---- | ---- | ||
=== Conceptual and Thematic BIG IDEA === | |||
* Democratic ideals and processes | |||
** citizen input | |||
** conflicting notions of democracy | |||
** cultural and political identity | |||
* Distribution of power | |||
** overlapping sovereignties | |||
** economic bases | |||
** state structures | |||
* Geography and western expansion | |||
** extension of the frontier | |||
*** including overseas (US imperialism) | |||
* Political process/es | |||
** impact of political movements | |||
** political institutions and identities | |||
** major v. minor parties | |||
** US government processes, especially the Three Branches | |||
* State formation & federal centralization | |||
** forms and exercise of power | |||
* Wars as contingent events | |||
** wars cause or usher change | |||
** see Major Wars timeline below | |||
=== Implications of a Democracy === | === Implications of a Democracy === | ||
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| '''P'''urpose | | '''P'''urpose | ||
| '''P'''oint of View | | '''P'''oint of View | ||
| y | | ('''y'''ear) | ||
|} | |} | ||
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| '''L'''imitations | | '''L'''imitations | ||
|} | |} | ||
'''SPRITE''' | '''SPRITE or PERSIA''' | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|SPRITE | |||
| '''S'''ocial | | '''S'''ocial | ||
| '''P'''olitical | | '''P'''olitical | ||
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| '''T'''echnological | | '''T'''echnological | ||
| '''E'''conomics | | '''E'''conomics | ||
|- | |||
|PERSIA | |||
|'''P'''olitical | |||
|'''E'''conomics | |||
|'''R'''eligious | |||
|'''S'''ocial | |||
|'''I'''nnovations | |||
|'''A'''rt | |||
|} | |} | ||
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* Spanish-American War, 1898 | * Spanish-American War, 1898 | ||
* Phillipine Insurgency, 1899-1902 | * Phillipine Insurgency, 1899-1902 | ||
* World War I (U.S.), 1917-1918 | * World War I (U.S.), 1917-1918 (Europe 1914-1918) | ||
* White Russian War, 1917 | * White Russian War, 1917 | ||
* World War II (U.S.) 1941-1945 | * World War II (U.S.) 1941-1945 | ||
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* Jamestown Massacre, 1622 | * Jamestown Massacre, 1622 | ||
* Pequot War (1634-1638) | * Pequot War (1634-1638) | ||
* King Philip's War, 1675-1678 | | * King Philip's War, 1675-1678 | Metacomb's War | ||
* King William's War, 1689-1897 | * King William's War, 1689-1897 | ||
* Queen Anne's War, 1702-1713 | * Queen Anne's War, 1702-1713 | ||
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==== Types of Colonies ==== | ==== Types of Colonies ==== | ||
[[File:A_history_of_the_American_nation_(1919)_(14595774548).jpg|thumb|264x264px|Types of colonies (from A history of the American nation 1919; Wikicommons)]] | |||
* Corporate Charter | * Corporate Charter | ||
* Proprietary Colony | * Proprietary Colony | ||
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<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Deism|belief that God can be understood rationally; deism rejects "revelation" (Scripture, i.e, the Bible, and the "living God") and asserts an impersonal God or supreme being; deists followed Enlightenment thought that the world can be understood through reason alone}}</ul></li> | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:Deism|belief that God can be understood rationally; deism rejects "revelation" (Scripture, i.e, the Bible, and the "living God") and asserts an impersonal God or supreme being; deists followed Enlightenment thought that the world can be understood through reason alone}}</ul></li> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Jonathan Edwards|a New England preacher of pietism}}</ul></li> | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:Jonathan Edwards|a New England preacher of pietism}}</ul></li> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:the Great Awakening|following a 1739 tour of the colonies by English Methodist preacher George Whitefield, a religious "awakening" or "revival" based upon Protestant principles of individual relationships with God and "pietism," or strict adherence to Biblical strictures of behavior; Whitefield's visit followed Jonathan Edwards' movement and was enhanced by advances in the printing industry, which spread his sermons, biography, etc., including by Benjamin Franklin; the Great Awakening was possible due to greater exchange between the colonies and development of the printing industry. The Great Awakening influenced people at the personal level and included women who preached publicly; established churches objected to the "New Lights"}}</ul></li> | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:the Great Awakening|following a 1739 tour of the colonies by English Methodist preacher George Whitefield, a religious "awakening" or "revival" based upon Protestant principles of individual relationships with God and "pietism," or strict adherence to Biblical strictures of behavior; Whitefield's visit followed Jonathan Edwards' movement and was enhanced by advances in the printing industry, which spread his sermons, biography, etc., including by Benjamin Franklin; the Great Awakening was possible due to greater exchange between the colonies and development of the printing industry. The Great Awakening influenced people at the personal level and included women who preached publicly; established churches objected to the "New Lights". Students should connect the Great Awakening to democratic and reform principles, especially equality, self-governance, religious freedom, freedom of conscience, personal morality.}}</ul></li> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:headright system|land grants in exchange for bringing labor to the colonies, usually in the form of indentured servitude; was started in 1618 and most employed in Virginia}}</ul></li> | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:headright system|land grants in exchange for bringing labor to the colonies, usually in the form of indentured servitude; was started in 1618 and most employed in Virginia}}</ul></li> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:House of Burgesses|}}</ul></li> | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:House of Burgesses|}}</ul></li> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Anne Hutchinson|English Puritan who brought "Antinomianism" ("against the law") to Massachusetts in 1630s, a form of anabaptism that believed that salvation was not through "works" as well as "personal revelation"; Puritans believed that one's behavior marked one's state of grace (salvation) and bad outcomes, such as the stillborn birth of a follower, Mary Dyer, marked judgment by God; they jailed Hutchinson over her teachings; she left w/ /supporters for Rhode Island where Roger Williams welcomed them}}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:indentured servitude|contractual servitude, or slavery for a set period of time; generally, indentured servants paid debts, such as passage across the Atlantic, or other debts, with their service; families might "sell" children into indentured servitude; demand for early colonial farm labor in the middle colonies was filled through indentured servitude}}</ul></li> | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:indentured servitude|contractual servitude, or slavery for a set period of time; generally, indentured servants paid debts, such as passage across the Atlantic, or other debts, with their service; families might "sell" children into indentured servitude; demand for early colonial farm labor in the middle colonies was filled through indentured servitude}}</ul></li> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Jamestown|}}</ul></li> | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:Jamestown|}}</ul></li> | ||
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<ul><li>Navigation Acts, 1663, 1673, 1696</ul></li> | <ul><li>Navigation Acts, 1663, 1673, 1696</ul></li> | ||
<ul><li>New England town meetings</ul></li> | <ul><li>New England town meetings</ul></li> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:William Penn| Quaker English noble who in 1681 was granted extensive landholdings in the mid-Atlantic ("the Province of Pennsylvania") to pay debts due to his father from King Charles II. As a "propriety" colony, Penn and his descendants ruled Pennsylvania until the American Revolution (and when Delaware was created as a separate state); Penn organized the government under the "Frame of Government of Pennsylvania," an important document in colonial self-governance, granting legislative powers to an assembly made up of "inhabitants, freeholders and proprietors" of the colony; the Penn family was largely an "absentee landlord" (not living there) and profited from rents and taxes collected on their lands, which was resented by residents, especially non-Quaker immigrants}}</ul></li> | |||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Pequot War, 1636-37|Massachusets: the Pequot fought and lost to English settlers and their allies, Narragansett and Mohegan tribes; ended Pequot resistance to English settlement expansion}}</ul></li> | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:Pequot War, 1636-37|Massachusets: the Pequot fought and lost to English settlers and their allies, Narragansett and Mohegan tribes; ended Pequot resistance to English settlement expansion}}</ul></li> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Puritan/s|Christian sect that opposed the Anglican Church and believed in strict adherence to biblical stricture (rules); Puritans largely settled in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, although many ventured into southern colonies}}</ul></li> | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:Puritan/s|Christian sect that opposed the Anglican Church and believed in strict adherence to biblical stricture (rules); Puritans largely settled in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, although many ventured into southern colonies}}</ul></li> | ||
<ul><li>Queen Anne's War, 1702-1713|}}</ul></li> | <ul><li>Queen Anne's War, 1702-1713|}}</ul></li> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:salutary neglect|a phrase coined during the Revolutionary period by British politician and philosopher Edmund Burke who argued that the "neglect" of the colonies exercised by the British government prior to the French-Indian War was "salutary", or healthy; and that the post-French-Indian War interventions in the colonies were not productive for either side; Burke was sympathetic to the Colonial cause, but did not overtly align himself with them}}</ul></li> | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:salutary neglect|a phrase coined during the Revolutionary period by British politician and philosopher Edmund Burke who argued that the "neglect" of the colonies exercised by the British government prior to the French-Indian War was "salutary", or healthy; and that the post-French-Indian War interventions in the colonies were not productive for either side; Burke was sympathetic to the Colonial cause, but did not overtly align himself with them}}</ul></li> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:slave codes|local and colonial rules and laws that limited the rights and economic liberties of slaves and free blacks; the codes were first imposed in Barbados and Jamaica, and first adopted in Virginia and South Carolina, then spread to other colonies; the codes limited rights of blacks and reduced or annulled penalties on whites who abused or murdered blacks; restrictions on | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:slave codes|local and colonial rules and laws that limited the rights and economic liberties of slaves and free blacks; the codes were first imposed in Barbados and Jamaica, and first adopted in Virginia and South Carolina, then spread to other colonies; the codes limited rights of blacks and reduced or annulled penalties on whites who abused or murdered blacks; restrictions on slaves and blacks included not recognizing baptism, prohibiting teaching slaves to read, and limiting their movement; the British government did not impose any slave codes upon the colonies, although it allowed them in the colonies}}</ul></li> | ||
[[File:Penncolony.png|thumb|Map of the Province of Pennsylvania|alt=Map of the Province of Pennsylvania]] | [[File:Penncolony.png|thumb|Map of the Province of Pennsylvania|alt=Map of the Province of Pennsylvania]] | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text: | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:Roger Williams|Founder of Rhode Island; established religious tolerance}}</ul></li> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:yeoman|independent farmers and landowners, who lived and farmed independently but without amassing great wealth; the "yeoman society" contrasted with the legacies of Old World feudal structures in which great landowners had tenant farmers; the yeoman ideal was independence, land ownership and local self-government, especially in New England; in Virginia the yeoman farmers contrasted with and political opposed plantation owners}}</ul | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:yeoman|independent farmers and landowners, who lived and farmed independently but without amassing great wealth; the "yeoman society" contrasted with the legacies of Old World feudal structures in which great landowners had tenant farmers; the yeoman ideal was independence, land ownership and local self-government, especially in New England; in Virginia the yeoman farmers contrasted with and political opposed plantation owners}}</ul> | ||
</div><br> | </div><br> | ||
------------------- | ------------------- | ||
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<div style="column-count:2"> | <div style="column-count:2"> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:"Square Deal”|Teddy Roosevelt's slogan to represent his agenda in support of the "common man" as against elites, called "plutocracy," i.e. industrialists, bankers, and politicians beholden (corruptly) to them; Roosevelt said that the rules of society were against common people, and he wanted them to have instead a "square deal"}}</ul></li> | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:"Square Deal”|Teddy Roosevelt's slogan to represent his agenda in support of the "common man" as against elites, called "plutocracy," i.e. industrialists, bankers, and politicians beholden (corruptly) to them; Roosevelt said that the rules of society were against common people, and he wanted them to have instead a "square deal"}}</ul></li> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:16th, 17th, 18th, 19th Amendments|students should be familiar with the "progressive" amendments: Income Tax (16th), Direct Election of Senators (17th), Prohibition (18th), Suffrage for Women (19th)}}</ul | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:16th, 17th, 18th, 19th Amendments|students should be familiar with the "progressive" amendments: Income Tax (16th), Direct Election of Senators (17th), Prohibition (18th), Suffrage for Women (19th)}}</ul> | ||
<ul><li>{{#tip-text:Bull Moose Party|nickname for Teddy Roosevelt's Progressive Party campaign; comes from his statement after losing the Republican Party nomination in June, 1912 that he felt "strong as a bull moose"}}< | <ul><li>{{#tip-text:Bull Moose Party|nickname for Teddy Roosevelt's Progressive Party campaign; comes from his statement after losing the Republican Party nomination in June, 1912 that he felt "strong as a bull moose"}}<li>Conspicuous consumption</ul> | ||
* Elkins Act (1903) | * Elkins Act (1903) | ||
* Eugene V. Debs | * Eugene V. Debs | ||
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|16.6% | |16.6% | ||
| | | | ||
* a | * a different organization form the Teddy Roosevelt's Progressive Party, which he abandoned after 1912 (he was nominated in 1916 but refused) | ||
* former Republican Robert La Follette, a progressive how refused to back Roosevelt, reformed the party in 1924 | * former Republican Robert La Follette, a progressive how refused to back Roosevelt, reformed the party in 1924 | ||
|- | |- | ||
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| | | | ||
* independent movements that were splinter factions from FDR's Democratic coalition that fell apart under Truman | * independent movements that were splinter factions from FDR's Democratic coalition that fell apart under Truman | ||
** Dixiecrats were | ** Dixiecrats were southern segregationists | ||
** Progressives were FDR Democrats led by his former Vice President Henry Wallace | ** Progressives were FDR Democrats led by his former Vice President Henry Wallace | ||
|- | |- |