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Participle phrase & infinitive phrase: Difference between revisions
Participle phrase & infinitive phrase (view source)
Revision as of 23:41, 12 June 2024
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*** ex. ''to be'', ''to play'', ''to believe'' | *** ex. ''to be'', ''to play'', ''to believe'' | ||
*** infinitives can act as a noun, adjective, or adverb | *** infinitives can act as a noun, adjective, or adverb | ||
* non- | * non-finite verb | ||
** a verb that does not have a subject | ** a verb that does not have a subject | ||
** and it therefore does not act as a verb, and instead acts as a noun (called "gerund"), adjective, or adverb | ** and it therefore does not act as a verb, and instead acts as a noun (called "gerund"), adjective, or adverb | ||
| Line 55: | Line 55: | ||
!Verb | !Verb | ||
!Complements | !Complements | ||
!Participle | !Participle or Infinitive | ||
(non-finite verb) | (non-finite verb) | ||
!Participle | !Participle / Infinitive | ||
Complement | Complement | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 117: | Line 117: | ||
|} | |} | ||
== Participle phrase placement == | |||
== | |||
* participle = the ''-ing'' or ''-ed'' forms of a verb | * participle = the ''-ing'' or ''-ed'' forms of a verb | ||
** participles may serve as finite (take a subject) or non-finite (no subject) | ** participles may serve as finite (take a subject) or non-finite (no subject) | ||
| Line 191: | Line 190: | ||
S( noun )-->NFV(participle<br>adjective)-->C2(prepositional phrase)-->V(verb)--->C(object) | S( noun )-->NFV(participle<br>adjective)-->C2(prepositional phrase)-->V(verb)--->C(object) | ||
}} | }} | ||
== Infinitive phrase == | |||
* infinitive = the ''-to'' form of a verb | |||
** infinitives are never finite (take a subject) | |||
** they serve as a adjective, adverb or noun | |||
*** adjective | |||
**** ''A good game to play is snooker'' | |||
*** adverb | |||
**** ''We practice to get better at it'' | |||
*** noun | |||
**** ''To play beats not to play'' | |||
=== Infinitive phrase placement === | |||
==== Infinitive phrase example 1 ==== | |||
* Sentence: | |||
''Studying helps to take a test'' | |||
{{#mermaid: graph LR | |||
S(Studying)-->V(helps)--->NFV(to take)--->C(a test) | |||
}} | |||
* Grammatical forms: | |||
{{#mermaid: graph LR | |||
S(subject/<br>gerund)-->V(finite verb)-->NFV(non-finite verb<br>infinitive object)-->C2(complement/<br> object of infinitive) | |||
}} | |||
* Parts of speech: | |||
{{#mermaid: graph LR | |||
S( noun/<br>gerund)-->V(verb)--->NFV(infinitive<br>noun)--->C2(noun) | |||
}} | |||
==== Infinitive phrase example 2 ==== | |||
* Sentence: | |||
''To study for a test is wise'' | |||
{{#mermaid: graph LR | |||
S(To Study)--->C(for a test)---->V(is)--->C2(wise) | |||
}} | |||
* Grammatical forms: | |||
{{#mermaid: graph LR | |||
S(subject<br>non-finite verb)-->V(complement<br>of infinitive)--->FV(finite verb)-->C2(subject complement) | |||
}} | |||
* Parts of speech: | |||
{{#mermaid: graph LR | |||
S(non-finite verb<br>infinitive noun)-->V(prepositional phrase)--->FV(verb)-->C2(subject complement<br>adjective) | |||
}} | |||
==== Infinitive phrase example 2 ==== | |||
* Sentence: | |||
''Studying for the test, students read the textbook'' | |||
{{#mermaid: graph LR | |||
NFV(Studying)--->C2(for the test)--->S(students)-->V(read)-->C(the textbook) | |||
}} | |||
* Grammatical forms: | |||
{{#mermaid: graph LR | |||
NFV(non-finite verb)-->C2(complement)--->S(subject)-->V(finite verb)-->C(complement) | |||
}} | |||
* Parts of speech: | |||
{{#mermaid: graph LR | |||
NFV(participle<br>adjective)-->C2(prepositional phrase)-->S(noun)-->V(finite verb)--->C(noun) | |||
}} | |||
==== Infinitive phrase example 3 ==== | |||
* Sentence: | |||
''Students studying for the test read the textbook'' | |||
{{#mermaid: graph LR | |||
S(Students)-->NFV(studying)--->C2(for the test)-->V(read)-->C(the textbook) | |||
}} | |||
* Grammatical forms: | |||
{{#mermaid: graph LR | |||
S(subject)-->NFV(non-finite verb)-->C2(complement)-->V(finite verb)-->C(complement) | |||
}} | |||
* Parts of speech: | |||
{{#mermaid: graph LR | |||
S( noun )-->NFV(participle<br>adjective)--->C2(prepositional phrase)-->V(verb)-->C(object) | |||
}} | |||
[[Category:Grammar]] | [[Category:Grammar]] | ||
[[Category:SAT verbal]] | [[Category:SAT verbal]] | ||
[[Category:SAT digital test]] | [[Category:SAT digital test]] | ||