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Participle phrase & infinitive phrase: Difference between revisions
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→Finite & Non-Finite verbs and complements
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*** ex. ''to be'', ''to play'', ''to believe'' | *** ex. ''to be'', ''to play'', ''to believe'' | ||
*** infinitives can act as a noun, adjective, or adverb | *** infinitives can act as a noun, adjective, or adverb | ||
* non- | * non-finite verb | ||
** a verb that does not have a subject | ** a verb that does not have a subject | ||
** and it therefore does not act as a verb, and instead acts as a noun (called "gerund"), adjective, or adverb | ** and it therefore does not act as a verb, and instead acts as a noun (called "gerund"), adjective, or adverb | ||
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!Verb | !Verb | ||
!Complements | !Complements | ||
!Participle | !Participle or Infinitive | ||
(non-finite verb) | (non-finite verb) | ||
!Participle | !Participle / Infinitive | ||
Complement | Complement | ||
|- | |- | ||
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==== Infinitive phrase example 1 ==== | ==== Infinitive phrase example 1 ==== | ||
* Sentence: | * Sentence: | ||
''Studying helps to take a test'' | ''Studying helps to take a test'' | ||
{{#mermaid: graph LR | {{#mermaid: graph LR | ||
S(Studying)-->V(helps)--->NFV(to take)-->C(a test) | S(Studying)-->V(helps)--->NFV(to take)--->C(a test) | ||
}} | }} | ||
* Grammatical forms: | * Grammatical forms: | ||
{{#mermaid: graph LR | {{#mermaid: graph LR | ||
S(subject)-->V(finite verb)-->NFV(non-finite verb<br>object)-->C2(complement/<br>object of infinitive) | S(subject/<br>gerund)-->V(finite verb)-->NFV(non-finite verb<br>infinitive object)-->C2(complement/<br> object of infinitive) | ||
}} | }} | ||
* Parts of speech: | * Parts of speech: | ||
{{#mermaid: graph LR | {{#mermaid: graph LR | ||
S( noun/<br>gerund)-->V(verb)--->NFV(infinitive<br>noun)-->C2(noun) | S( noun/<br>gerund)-->V(verb)--->NFV(infinitive<br>noun)--->C2(noun) | ||
}} | |||
==== Infinitive phrase example 2 ==== | |||
* Sentence: | |||
''To study for a test is wise'' | |||
{{#mermaid: graph LR | |||
S(To Study)--->C(for a test)---->V(is)--->C2(wise) | |||
}} | |||
* Grammatical forms: | |||
{{#mermaid: graph LR | |||
S(subject<br>non-finite verb)-->V(complement<br>of infinitive)--->FV(finite verb)-->C2(subject complement) | |||
}} | |||
* Parts of speech: | |||
{{#mermaid: graph LR | |||
S(non-finite verb<br>infinitive noun)-->V(prepositional phrase)--->FV(verb)-->C2(subject complement<br>adjective) | |||
}} | }} | ||
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* Parts of speech: | * Parts of speech: | ||
{{#mermaid: graph LR | {{#mermaid: graph LR | ||
S( noun )-->NFV(participle<br>adjective)-->C2(prepositional phrase)-->V(verb) | S( noun )-->NFV(participle<br>adjective)--->C2(prepositional phrase)-->V(verb)-->C(object) | ||
}} | }} | ||