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* [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/ '''Catechism of the Catholic Church'''] (online reader lipbook)
* [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/ '''Catechism of the Catholic Church'''] (online reader lipbook)


'''Related pages'''  
'''Related pages'''
* [[Catholic Mass]]
 
* The [[Catholic Mass]]
** with the order and parts of the Mass
** with the order and parts of the Mass
** explanations for the words and actions of the Liturgies
** explanations for the words and actions of the Liturgies
* [[Layout of a church]]
* [[Layout of a church]]
* [[Priestly vestments]]
* [[Priestly vestments]]
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* '''Sacred Heart of Jesus'''
* '''Sacred Heart of Jesus'''


== Vocabulary for Catholic Catechism ==
== Glossary: Vocabulary & Terms for Catholic Catechism ==
notes on vocabulary list
notes on vocabulary list


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* the vocab list is purely alphabetical, so order is unrelated to importance or meaning
* the vocab list is purely alphabetical, so order is unrelated to importance or meaning
*here for a [https://www.usccb.org/resources/Reformed-Catholic%20Dialogue%20Round%208%20Final%20A%20VERSION%20October%202020%202_0.pdf Glossary of terms] from the USCCB
*here for a [https://www.usccb.org/resources/Reformed-Catholic%20Dialogue%20Round%208%20Final%20A%20VERSION%20October%202020%202_0.pdf Glossary of terms] from the USCCB
Abbreviations
* See [[Books of the Bible with abbreviations|Abbreviations of the Books of the Bible]]
* CCC = Catechism of the Catholic Church
* USCCB = United States Conference of Catholic Bishops
** all links go to USCCB website


=== A ===
=== A ===


==== Aa ====
==== Aa ====
* '''adoration'''
** divine worship
** as in "Adoration of the Cross", for veneration of the Cross
** ''ad-'' (to) + ''ōrare'' (pray)
* '''Advent'''
* '''Advent'''
** "the important coming"
** "the important coming"
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** ''ad-'' (into) + ''vent'' (from ''vinere'', "to come") = "into coming"  
** ''ad-'' (into) + ''vent'' (from ''vinere'', "to come") = "into coming"  
*** ''vinere'' from [[PIE proto-Indo-European language|PIE]] root '''*gwa-''' "to go, come")
*** ''vinere'' from [[PIE proto-Indo-European language|PIE]] root '''*gwa-''' "to go, come")
* '''alleluia'''  
* '''''Alleluia'''''  
** "Praise the Lord" from Hebrew ''hallelu-ya'' for "praise Jehovah"  
** "Praise the Lord" from Hebrew ''hallelu-ya'' for "praise Jehovah"  
* '''alms'''
* '''alms / almsgiving'''  
* '''almsgiving'''
** something given as charity for the poor
** charity for the poor
** an act of mercy
** from proto-German for charity for the poor
** from OE ''ælmesse'' "charity for the poor"
*** but related to Greek  ''eleēmosynē''  for "pity, mercy"
*** related to Greek  ''eleēmosynē''  for "pity, mercy", itself from the root ''eleos''
* '''Alpha & Omega, the'''
* '''Alpha & Omega, the'''
** the first and last letters of the Greek alphabet
** the first and last letters of the Greek alphabet
** from Revelation, 1:8:  
** from Revelation, 1:8:  
  I am the Alpha and the Omega, ''the'' Beginning and ''the'' End' says the Lord, who is and who was and who is to come, the Almighty
  I am the Alpha and the Omega, ''the'' Beginning and ''the'' End' says the Lord, who is and who was and who is to come, the Almighty
* '''altar'''
** table upon which a sacrifice is made
*** from Latin ''adolere'' "to worship, offer or burn sacrifice/s
**** related to Latin ''altus'' for "high."
** in Church and the Mass, the altar is both "the altar of the sacrifice and the table of the Lord ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/350/ CCC 1383])
* '''amen'''
* '''amen'''
** "so be it"
** "so be it"
** from Hebrew ''amen'' for "truth"
** from Hebrew ''amen'' for "truth"
*** used to affirm a truth
*** used to affirm a truth
** from CCC 2856 "Then, after the prayer is over you say 'Amen,' which means 'So be it,' thus ratifying with our 'Amen' what is contained in the prayer that God has taught us."
** Jesus frequently states, "Verily, verily, I say to you" (also translated as, "Amen, amen I say to you"; as in  [https://bible.usccb.org/bible/john/6:26 Jn 6:26])
** Paul in 1 Corinthians (1:20) explains:  
*** or "Amen, I say to you" ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/matthew/5?18 Mt. 5:18])
** from [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/688/ CCC 2856]:
*** "Then, after the prayer is over you say 'Amen,' which means 'So be it,' thus ratifying with our 'Amen' what is contained in the prayer that God has taught us."
** Paul in [https://bible.usccb.org/bible/1corinthians/1?20 1 Corinthians 1:20] explains:  
*** "all the promises of God find their Yes in him [Christ]. That is why we utter Amen through him, to the glory of God"
*** "all the promises of God find their Yes in him [Christ]. That is why we utter Amen through him, to the glory of God"
* '''''anagogue'''''
* '''''anagogue / anagogical'''''
** Greek for "leading"
** Greek for "leading"
** "anagogical sense" of building faith / understanding the scriptures
** "anagogical sense" of building faith / understanding the scriptures
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* '''''anamnesis'''''
* '''''anamnesis'''''
** making present
** making present
** as in the presence of Christ in the Gospel reading during the Liturgy of the Word
** as in the presence of Christ in the Gospel reading during the Liturgy of the Word or the Eucharistic Prayer during the Liturgy of the Eucharist
* '''''anaphora'''''
** ''ana-'' (back, through) + phora (bear, carry)
*** from Greek ''pherein'' "to bear"
*** PIE root '''*bher-''' "to carry"
** in literature, literary technique of the use of repetition
** in the Mass, ''anaphora'' refers to the entire Eucharistic Prayer
* '''angel'''
* '''angel'''
** "messenger from God"
** "messenger from God"
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* '''apocryphia'''
* '''apocryphia'''
** religious texts of unknown or dubious origin
** religious texts of unknown or dubious origin
** are not included in the Holy scripture
** thus are not included in the Holy scripture
*** Protestants call the Deuterocanonical books "apocryphia"
* '''apologia / apologetics'''
* '''apologia / apologetics'''
** in defense or justification of faith
** in defense or justification of faith
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** Paul was also called an apostle, given his special mission as "apostle to the gentiles" (sent by Jesus Christ after the resurrection)
** Paul was also called an apostle, given his special mission as "apostle to the gentiles" (sent by Jesus Christ after the resurrection)
* '''apostolic'''
* '''apostolic'''
* archangel
** "of an apostle" or for the purpose of teaching the Word
* '''archangel'''
** ''arch-'' = "chief"
** ''arch-'' = "chief"
* '''Ascension'''
* '''Ascension'''
** the rising of the Lord Jesus Christ to heaven at Mount Olivet forty days after His Resurrection
* '''''aseitas'''''
* '''''aseitas'''''
** from Latin ''ab-'' (from) ''se'' (self)
** from Latin ''ab-'' (from) ''se'' (self)
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** from Latin ''ad-'' (to) + ''spagere'' (sprinkle)
** from Latin ''ad-'' (to) + ''spagere'' (sprinkle)
* '''Assumption'''
* '''Assumption'''
** the taking of the whole body of the Blessed Virgin Mary directly into heaven
* '''atonement'''
* '''atonement'''
** salvation through the Passion and the Cross
** salvation through the Passion and the Cross
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|-
|-
|}
|}
* '''beatify'''
** to pronounce in heavenly bliss
*** i.e., to pronounce a saint
*** from Latin ''beatus'' for "supremely happy, blessed"
** '''beatification''' is a process by which the Church declares someone a Satint
* '''beatitude'''
* '''beatitude'''
** syn: happiness
** syn: happiness
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*** the Hebrew word "bimah" is derived from the Greek ''bēma''  
*** the Hebrew word "bimah" is derived from the Greek ''bēma''  


* '''Bible'''
** "holy books"
*** from ''biblion'' for "paper, scroll"
*** origin is from "''byblos"'' for Egyptian papyrus
**** likely adopted in Greece from the city of Byblios which traded with ancient Greece
***** and thereby supplied Egyptian papyrus
** note that the Catholic Church refers to the "holy books" as "Sacred Scripture" rather than "Bible"
* '''bishop'''
* '''bishop'''
 
** with priests, primary task is "to preach the Gospel of God to all men"
* with priests, primary task is "to preach the Gospel of God to all men"
** "authentic leaders of the apololistic faith" (CCC 888)
 
** Bishops are spiritual descendants of the apostle
* "authentic leaders of the apololistic faith" (CCC 888)
 
* Bishops are spiritual descendants of the apostle
** from Greek ''episkopos''  for "watcher, spiritual guardian"
** from Greek ''episkopos''  for "watcher, spiritual guardian"
** ''epi-'' (over) + ''skopos'' (one that watches)
*** ''epi-'' (over) + ''skopos'' (one that watches)
*** from PIE '''*spek-''' "to observe"
**** from PIE '''*spek-''' "to observe"


'''bless / blessing'''
'''bless / blessing'''
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**made holy, consecrated
**made holy, consecrated
**or, the state of holiness, well-being and in joy with God
**or, the state of holiness, well-being and in joy with God
***from Latin ''benedicere'' and Greek ''eulogein''
***related to the verb, "beatify"
**so why do we say, "Blessed be God forever" ?  
**so why do we say, "Blessed be God forever" ?  
***from Latin ''Benedictus Deus in saecul''
***from Latin ''Benedictus Deus in saecul''
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==== Ca ====
==== Ca ====
* '''Calvary'''
** the hill to the west of Jerusalem where Jesus was crucified
*** formally, "The Mount of Calvary"
** Calvary = "place of the skull" ("Golgotha")
*** perhaps called that because of the shape of the hill
* '''canon'''
* '''canon'''
** "a list"
** "a list"
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**** the Deuterocanonical books were affirmed by the Catholic Church starting with the Synod of Hippo in 393
**** the Deuterocanonical books were affirmed by the Catholic Church starting with the Synod of Hippo in 393
* '''cardinal'''
* '''cardinal'''
* cardinal sin
** from Greek for "pivotal" (as in a hinge)
** thus Latin ''cardo or cardinis'' for "that upon which something depends"
** uses and forms of the word include
*** the office of the "'''Cardinal'''"
**** members (up to 70) of the Sacred College appointed by the Pope whose job is to advise the Pope, govern in conjunction with the Pope and elect a new Pope
**** Cardinals are usually but not required to be Bishops
**** "'''cardinal virtues'''"
***** = the key virtues needed for moral and beatific life: ''prudence, justice, fortitude, and temperance''
**** "'''cardinal sins'''"
***** mortal sins; also called the "Seven Deadly Sins" that lead to damnation
 
* '''casuistri'''
* '''casuistri'''
** << see CCC 579
** << see CCC 579
* '''catechesis'''
* '''catechesis'''  
** from ''Catechesi Tradendae'' by John Paul II:
** religious instruction, teaching
** from ''[https://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/apost_exhortations/documents/hf_jp-ii_exh_16101979_catechesi-tradendae.html Catechesi Tradendae]'' by Saint Pope John Paul II:
  The primary and essential object of catechesis is, to use an expression dear to St. Paul and also to contemporary theology, "the mystery of Christ." Catechizing is in a way to lead a person to study this mystery in all its dimensions: "to make all men see what is the plan of the mystery...comprehend with all the saints what is the breadth and length and height and depth ...know the love of Christ which surpasses knowledge...(and be filled) with all the fullness of God." It is therefore to reveal in the Person of Christ the whole of God's eternal design reaching fulfillment in that Person. It is to seek to understand the meaning of Christ's actions and words and of the signs worked by Him, for they simultaneously hide and reveal His mystery. Accordingly, the definitive aim of catechesis is to put people not only in touch but in communion, in intimacy, with Jesus Christ: only He can lead us to the love of the Father in the Spirit and make us share in the life of the Holy Trinity.
  The primary and essential object of catechesis is, to use an expression dear to St. Paul and also to contemporary theology, "the mystery of Christ." Catechizing is in a way to lead a person to study this mystery in all its dimensions: "to make all men see what is the plan of the mystery...comprehend with all the saints what is the breadth and length and height and depth ...know the love of Christ which surpasses knowledge...(and be filled) with all the fullness of God." It is therefore to reveal in the Person of Christ the whole of God's eternal design reaching fulfillment in that Person. It is to seek to understand the meaning of Christ's actions and words and of the signs worked by Him, for they simultaneously hide and reveal His mystery. Accordingly, the definitive aim of catechesis is to put people not only in touch but in communion, in intimacy, with Jesus Christ: only He can lead us to the love of the Father in the Spirit and make us share in the life of the Holy Trinity.
* '''catechism'''
* '''catechism'''
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**** which is from ''katekhizein'' "to teacher oraly, instruct by word of mouth" which is from Greek ''katekhein'' "to resound"
**** which is from ''katekhizein'' "to teacher oraly, instruct by word of mouth" which is from Greek ''katekhein'' "to resound"
*** thus "catechism" maintains an element of joyful echoes from ''katekhein'' "to resound"
*** thus "catechism" maintains an element of joyful echoes from ''katekhein'' "to resound"
** from Greek ''kata'' (down, thoroughly) + ''ekhein'' (to ring, to sound)
** from Greek ''kata'' (down, thoroughly) + ''ekhein'' (to ring, to resound, echo)
*** PIE '''*(s)wagh-''' to resound, echo
*** PIE '''*(s)wagh-''' to resound, echo
* '''catechist / catechumen'''
* '''catechist / catechumen'''
** ''catechist'' is the teacher of the catechesis
** ''catechist'' is the teacher of the catechesis
** ''catechumen'' is the student
** ''catechumen'' is the student
* '''cathedra / cathedral'''
* '''cathedral'''
** church of a bishop
** church of a bishop
** note: cardinals are assigned a church in Rome, but keep their home cathedra
*** note: cardinals are assigned a church in Rome, but keep their home cathedra
** from Latin ''cathedra'' for "a teacher's chair"
*** thus the seat of the Bishop
*** in a church, the '''cathedra''' is the seat used only by the Bishop
** Greek ''kata'' "down" + ''hedra'' "seat, base, chair"
*** from PIE '''*sed-''' "to sit"
* '''catholic'''
* '''catholic'''
** universal, universally accepted
** universal, universally accepted
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** "Chi", written "X", is the "chiasmus" (symbol) for the cross
** "Chi", written "X", is the "chiasmus" (symbol) for the cross
* '''church'''
* '''church'''
** from Latin ''ecclesia'' and Greek ''ekkalein'' for "to call out"  
** a "convocation" or "assembly" especially for religious purposes
** related to Latin ''ecclesia'' and Greek ''ekkalein'' for "to call out"  
*** from [[PIE proto-Indo-European language|PIE]] '''*kele-''' "to shout"
*** from [[PIE proto-Indo-European language|PIE]] '''*kele-''' "to shout"
** but the call is to gather, as in Greek ''ekklēsía which m''eans "assembly"
** the call is to gather, as in Greek ''ekklēsía'' which means "assembly"
** thus the Christian "assembly of the Chosen people before God"
** derived directly from Greek ''Kyriake'' for "what belongs to God"
*** or ''kyriakon'' for "of the Lord"
** thus ''ekklēsía'' (church) = "the assembly of the Chosen people before God"
*** especially regarding Mt. Sanai, where Israel was given the Law
*** especially regarding Mt. Sanai, where Israel was given the Law
*** Christian use of "church" is "as heir to that assembly
*** Christian use of "church" is "as heir to that assembly
*** per and see CCC 751
** see [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/198/ CCC 751])
** ''note: ekklēsía'' is related to the Greek translation of the Hebrew "Qahal" which is a reference to the ancient Jewish equivalent of "church" or "church organization"


==== Co ====
==== Co ====
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***''fomes peccati --'' "the tinder for sin" ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/324/ CCC 1264])
***''fomes peccati --'' "the tinder for sin" ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/324/ CCC 1264])
**''con'' (with) + ''cupere'' (desire) ''-ense'' (in the state of)
**''con'' (with) + ''cupere'' (desire) ''-ense'' (in the state of)
**"Human appetites or desires which remain disordered due to the temporal consequences of original sin, which remain even after Baptism and which produce an inclination to sin" ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/874/ CCC Glossary]; see CCC 1264)
**"Human appetites or desires which remain disordered due to the temporal consequences of original sin, which remain even after Baptism and which produce an inclination to sin" ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/874/ CCC Glossary]; see [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/324/ CCC 1264])
*'''confess'''
*'''confess'''
**''con'' = wtih + ''fess'' from Latin fateri = "to admit"
**''con'' = wtih + ''fess'' from Latin fateri = "to admit"
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*'''consecrate'''
*'''consecrate'''
**"consecrated elements, such as the bread and wine in the Eucharist
**to make holy
**''con'' = with
**"consecrated elements" = such as the bread and wine in the Eucharist
**''con-'' (with) + ''secrare'' (Latin for sacred)


*'''consubstantial'''
*'''consubstantial'''
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**"ten words"
**"ten words"
**the Ten Commandments
**the Ten Commandments
*'''deuterocanonical books'''
*'''Deposit of Faith, the'''
**Martin Luther excluded the books of Hebrews, James, Jude and Revelation from his canon (list of divine scripture
**''depositum fidei''
***because he claimed these books contradicted ''sola gratia'' (salvation by grace alone) and ''sola fide'' (justification by faith alone)
**= Sacred Scripture + Sacred Tradition
***Protestant doctrines of justification and salvation are called the "five ''solae''"
***does not include private revelation
*'''Devil, diabolic'''
**see [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/28/ CCC 84]
**"devilish" = of Satan
*'''Deuterocanonical books'''
**see entry in below section on the Bible
 
*'''Devil, the / diabolic'''
**= Satan (see entry below)
***"devilish" = of Satan
**from the Greek ''diaballein''
**from the Greek ''diaballein''
***= ''dia-'' "across, through" + ''ballein'' "to throw" (PIE root '''*gwele-''' "to throw, reach")
***= ''dia-'' "across, through" + ''ballein'' "to throw" (PIE root '''*gwele-''' "to throw, reach")
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***i.e., "to separate", "separation"
***i.e., "to separate", "separation"
***for the opposite, see '''symbiotic'''
***for the opposite, see '''symbiotic'''
*'''diocese'''
**district or region under control of a Bishop
**Greek ''dia-'' ("throughout") + ''oikos'' (house)
***''oikos'' from PIE root '''*weik-''' for "clan"
*'''disordered'''
**''dis-'' (against) + ''order'' (command)
***order from PIE '''*arə--''' for "fit together"
**used in terms of disordered
***''appetites, desires, passions,''
****= those that go against what we are created for by "command" of God
*'''divine'''
**"of God"
**from Latin ''divinus''
***PIE '''*dyeu-''' "to shine," as in "sky, heaven, god"


*'''doctrine'''
*'''doctrine'''
**that which has been taught
**that which has been taught
**from PIE root '''*dek-'''  for "to take, accept."
**from PIE root '''*dek-'''  for "to take, accept."
*'''dogma'''
**a settled opinion or belief system,
**i.e. the beliefs of the Church
**Catholic dogma is expressed in the Catechism of the Catholic Church
**Greek ''dogma'' ("opinion, tenet" "from ''dokein'' for "to seem, to think, to accept"
***PIE '''*dek-''' "to take, to accept"
***related do ''doxa''
*'''dome'''
*'''dome'''
**from Genesis, what is above the waters, i.e., "heaven"
**from Genesis, what is above the waters, i.e., "heaven"
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** followed by the "Great Amen"
** followed by the "Great Amen"


=== E ===  
=== E ===
*'''ecclesia'''
 
**from Greek for gathering
==== Ec ====
***-= church << to do
*'''ecclesia/ ecclesiastic'''
**ecclesia = church
***from Greek for gathering (see "church" below)
**so ecclesiastic = "of" or "having to do with" the church
*'''ecclesiology'''
*'''ecclesiology'''
**study of or belief system regarding the Church and its nature
**study of or belief system regarding the Church and its nature
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***regards all things related to end of times, including death, judgment, resurrection, heaven, purgatory, hell
***regards all things related to end of times, including death, judgment, resurrection, heaven, purgatory, hell
***referenced in the Creed
***referenced in the Creed
**from Greek ''eskhatos'' for "last, furthest" in time, space, degree  
**from Greek ''eskhatos'' for "last, furthest" in time, space, degree
**from PIE '''*ehgs-''' for "out" ('''eghs-ko-)''',+ ''-ology'' (study of, branch of knowledge, from Greek ''-logia'')
**from PIE '''*ehgs-''' for "out" ('''eghs-ko-)''',+ ''-ology'' (study of, branch of knowledge, from Greek ''-logia'')
*'''economy'''
*'''economy'''
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*'''ecumenical council'''
*'''ecumenical council'''
*'''elder'''
*'''elder'''
**<< originally priest << to confirm
**generally, "one who has authority" in a community
**from OE ''eald'', ''ald'' for "old"
**in the early Church, elders were those who taught and preached the Gospel
 
==== Em ====
*'''Emmanuel'''
*'''Emmanuel'''
**name for Jesus in Matthew 1:23
**means "God-with-us"
**means "God-with-us"
***= reference to House of David
**from Matthew 1:20-23:
***after telling Joseph that Mary will bear a son "and you are to name him Jesus, because he will save his people from their sins" ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/matthew/1:23 Mt 1:21])
***Matthew explains
All this took place to fulfill what the Lord had said through the prophet:
“Behold, the virgin shall be with child and bear a son, and they shall name him Emmanuel, which means “God is with us.”
  [https://bible.usccb.org/bible/matthew/1:23 Mt 1:23]
**"Emmanuel" is a synonymous reference to but not the given name for Jesus (which was given him at his circumcision; see [https://bible.usccb.org/bible/luke/2:21 Lk 2:21])
***Emmanuel is a reference to House of David and fulfillment of God's promise to restore Judah in [https://bible.usccb.org/bible/isaiah/7?14 Isaiah 7:14]
**see "Jesus" entry below
**see "Jesus" entry below
*'''Epiclesis'''
*'''Epiclesis'''
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**related to "shepherd"
**related to "shepherd"
*'''Epistle'''
*'''Epistle'''
**"a letter"
**"a letter"
**from Greek ''epi-'' (to) + ''stellei'' (to dispatch or send)
**from Greek ''epi-'' (to) + ''stellei'' (to dispatch or send)
***PIE '''*stel-''' "to put, stand, put in order"
***PIE '''*stel-''' "to put, stand, put in order"
*''Etymology''
*'''etymology'''
**study of the origins of words
**study of the origins of words
**from Greek ''etymologia'' for "analysis to find true origin of a word"
**from Greek ''etymologia'' for "analysis to find true origin of a word"
***''etymon = (''true sense) + -''logy (''"word")
***''etymon = (''true sense) + -''logy (''"word")
==== Eu ====
*'''Eucharist'''
*'''Eucharist'''
**sacrament of the Last Supper
**sacrament of the Last Supper
***from Latin ''eucharistia'' and Greek ''eukharistia'' for "thanksgiving, gratitude"
***from Latin ''eucharistia'' and Greek ''eukharistia'' for "thanksgiving, gratitude"
***eu = Greek for "good or well " + ''kharis'' "favor, grace"
***''eu-'' = Greek for "good or well " + ''kharis'' "favor, grace"
****thus includes a sense of "thankfulness", "to be thankful"
****drawing from sense of the verb ''kharizesthai'' "to show favor"
****thus "thankfulness" or "to be thankful"
***additional sense, used by St. Paul in 2 Cor 16:
***"The Greek words ''eucharistein'' and ''eulogein'' recall the Jewish blessings that proclaim - especially during a meal - God's works: creation, redemption, and sanctification." ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/336/ CCC 1328])
***'''Eukharistia''' = "the Lord's Supper"
***'''Eukharistia''' = "the Lord's Supper"
**'''eucharistic'''
**while the Gree word "kharis" (χάρις) means "grace," St. Paul used it in the sense of thanksgiving in [https://bible.usccb.org/bible/2corinthians/8?16 2 Cor 8:16]
**'''host'''
But thanks [χάρις] be to God who put the same concern for you into the heart of Titus
**'''monstrance'''
*'''Eucharistic''' = of or pertaining to the Eucharist or the Liturgy of the Eucharist
*** a vessel, or container, with door open or transparent cover that displays the consecrated Eucharist for adoration
** regarding the eucharistic host:
** '''tabernacle'''  
***'''host''' = the consecrated  Bread (body of Christ)
*** used to store consecrated hosts outside of mass
***'''monstrance =''' a vessel, or container, with door open or transparent cover that displays the consecrated Eucharist for adoration
*** '''tabernacle''' = used to store consecrated hosts outside of mass
* '''evangel'''
* '''evangel'''
** = the gospel/ "the good news"
** = the gospel/ "the good news"
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** from proto-Germanic ''*hailaga'' ("holy")
** from proto-Germanic ''*hailaga'' ("holy")
*** from PIE '''*kailo-''' "whole, uninjured"
*** from PIE '''*kailo-''' "whole, uninjured"
** "holy" means "set apart"
*** as in God is set apart from all things
*** God is not creation, not sinful; he is perfect, "holy"
** '''holiness'''
*** = separation from sin, possession of virtue and dedication to the service of God
* '''Holy Spirit'''
* '''Holy Spirit'''
** Hebrew: "ruah"
** Hebrew: "ruah" for "wind"
** Greek: "pneuma"
*** translated to Greek as "pneuma" ("wind, air")
** frequently represented by the Dove
** frequently represented by the Dove
* '''holiness'''
** also '''Holy Ghost'''
** = separation from sin, possession of virtue and dedication to the service of God
** Jesus also calls the Holy Spirit:
* '''''Hosana'''''
*** '''Paraclete''' for "he who is called to one's side" (''advocatus)''
** imperative for "save" or "give salvation!"
*** "'''Spirit of Truth'''" (see [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/184/ CCC 692] and [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/194/ CCC 729])
** in the Sacrament of Confirmation, the Bishop will call down the Holy Spirit as "helper and guide" ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/330/ CCC 1299])
 
* '''homily'''
** sermon or teaching, given by a priest or deacon after the reading of the Gospel
** from Greek ''homilia'' for "conversation or discourse" with others (from ''homou'' = "together")
* '''''Hosanna'''''
** "Lord, save us!"
*** imperative for "save" thus, "please give salvation!"
** from Hebrew ''hosha'na'' for "Save us, we pray"
*'''Host'''
*'''Host'''
**the sacramental, Eucharistic bread  
**the sacramental, Eucharistic bread
**from Latin ''hostia'' for "sacrificial victim"
**from Latin ''hostia'' for "sacrificial victim"
**see also the "Lord of Hosts"
**see also the "Lord of Hosts"
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** << to do
** << to do
=== J ===  
=== J ===  
* Jerusalem
** Hebrew for "place of peace"; also "foundation of peace"
*** i.e. ''jeru'' + ''shalem''
** may also mean "the abiding place" as given to Abraham
** translated to Greek as ''Hierousalem''
** from Hebrew for "artichoke"
* Jesse Tree
** or "Tree of Jesse"
** depicts the lineage from the father of King David, Jesse of Bethlehem, to Jesus
*** basically, Jesus' family tree
** traditionally an Advent devotion
* Jesus' ancestry from Jesse is drawn from the Book of Isaiah ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/isaiah/11?1 Isa 11:1]):
But a shoot shall sprout from the stump of Jesse,
and from his roots a bud shall blossom.
* '''Jesus'''
* '''Jesus'''
** Hebrew for "God saves"
** Hebrew for "God saves"
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** 1037: Eucharist prayer as a call for mercy and to bring us to God
** 1037: Eucharist prayer as a call for mercy and to bring us to God
** 1350: the Offertory
** 1350: the Offertory
* '''Offering, the'''  
* '''offerings'''
* '''Offertory'''
** sacrifices offered to God
*** see [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/118/ CCC 461-462] from ''Philippians'' and ''Hebrews'' on how Christ was incarnate as man in order to replace sacrificial offerings with himself
** in the Mass, the offerings are the bread and wine which will become the Body and Blood of Christ
** offerings may also include gifts from the people, which is received in the "collection" ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/342/ CCC 1351])
* '''Offertory, the'''
** beginning of the Liturgy of the Eucharist in which the bread and wine are brought to the altar
*** also called "Presentation and Preparation of the Gifts"
** during the Offertory, through the priest the assembled give thanks to "Lord God of all creation" for the bread and win
*** recognizing that the while bread & wine are "work of human hands" both are gifts of the Creator
** "offertory" is from Latin ''offertus'', derived from ''oblatus'' for "to offer" (see "oblation")
* '''Ordinary time'''
* '''Ordinary time'''
** liturgical calendar period (2)
** liturgical calendar period (2)
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** see section below
** see section below
=== P ===  
=== P ===  
* '''''paraclete'''''
* '''''Paraclete, the'''''
** "he who is called to one's side"
** Jesus calls the Holy Spirit the "Paraclete"
*** advocate
*** for "advocate" (see [https://bible.usccb.org/bible/john/14?16 Jn 14:16])
** Jesus calls the Holy Spirit the "paraclete"
*** from ''para-'' (to procure) + ''kalein'' "to call"  
** Jesus also called the Holy Spirit "the Spirit of truth"
**** PIE '''*kele-''' "to shout""
** see CCC 692
**** note: in addition to "to procure" or "produce," ''para-'' has other distinct & oppositive meanings, such "alongside, toward" and "beyond, against"
*** also means "intecessor"
** see above for Holy Sprit and [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/174/ CCC 692]
* '''parish'''
** a local church and the community is serves
** from Greek ''paroikia'' for diocese
*** related to ''para'' for near
* '''parochial'''
* '''parochial'''
** of or related to the parish
** of or related to the parish
** "parochial schools"  
** "parochial schools"
* '''Parousia'''
* '''Parousia'''
** the Second Coming of Christ
** the Second Coming of Christ
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*** PIE '''*prek''' "to ask, entreat"
*** PIE '''*prek''' "to ask, entreat"
* '''presbyterium / presbyteros'''
* '''presbyterium / presbyteros'''
** < priest  
** see priest
* '''priest'''
** from Latin ''*prester''  or ''presbyter'' for "presbyter, elder,"
** and Greek ''presbyteros'' "elder (of two), venerable
*** from PIE '''*per-''' "forward, in front of, before, first"
*** related to ''sacerdos'', "giver of holy things"
* '''profane'''
* '''profane'''
** from ''pro fano'' meaning "out /outside of the temple" or "not allowed in the temple"
** from ''pro fano'' meaning "out /outside of the temple" or "not allowed in the temple"
*** ''fanum'' = temple  
*** ''fanum'' = temple
** i.e., what is not holy
** i.e., what is not holy
* '''profess'''
* '''profess'''
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** the first gospel was God's testiminoly to Satan, Adam and Eve about what would happen to them
** the first gospel was God's testiminoly to Satan, Adam and Eve about what would happen to them
* '''purgation'''
* '''purgation'''
** Latin ''purgare'' "to cleanse, purify"
* '''Purgatory'''
** the place of purgation for those souls not damned not immediately entered into Heaven


=== Q ===  
=== Q ===  
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*** from Latin ''rectus'' "straight"
*** from Latin ''rectus'' "straight"
*** PIE '''*reg-''' "move in a straight line"
*** PIE '''*reg-''' "move in a straight line"
* '''Rector'''
** priest who is head of a priest
* '''redemption'''
* '''redemption'''
** ''re'' (back to) + ''emere'' (take, buy, gain)
** ''re'' (back to) + ''emere'' (take, buy, gain)
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***= in the state of being right w/ God
***= in the state of being right w/ God
** right = from PIE *reg- "to move in a straight line"
** right = from PIE *reg- "to move in a straight line"
** Pope Benedict XVI defined it as
*** "Righteousness is the observance of the right path shown by God"
* '''rite'''
** a formal religious ceremony
** from Latin ''ritus'' "custom, usage"
** the '''Roman Rite'''
*** = the liturgy (Mass) of the Roman Catholic Church
* '''rosary'''
* '''rosary'''
**a series or "garden" of prayers w/ beads to guide their recitation (saying of the prayers)
**a series or "garden" of prayers w/ beads to guide their recitation (saying of the prayers)
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***which means "little garden of the soul"
***which means "little garden of the soul"


=== S ===  
=== S ===
*'''sacrament'''
 
**"the mysteries"
=== Sa ===
***from Greek ''mystērion'' for "secret rite or doctrine"
*'''sacraments'''
**conferred by Christ < see CCC 875
**"the Seven Mysteries"
**makes real what is symbolic
**sacrament = "An efficacious sign of grace, instituted by Christ and entrusted to the church, by which divine life is dispensed to us through the work of the Holy Spirit (see [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/206/ CCC 774], [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/294/ 1131])
**the word "sacrament" comes from Latin ''sacramentum'' for "an oath of obedience"
***from ''sacrare'' "to make sacred,"  
****from PIE '''*sak-''' or '''*shnk''' "sanctify, make sacred"
**the word "mysteries" = from Greek ''mystērion'' for "secret rite or doctrine"
***when translated to Latin ''mystērion'' became both ''mysteriun'' and ''sacramentum''
**mysteries = "hidden reality of salvation" through and by Christ
** sacrament = "the visible sign of the hidden reality of salvation"
***see [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/206/ CCC 774]
**"mysteries" because sacraments
**conferred by Christ  
***see [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/234/ CCC 875]
**sacraments make real what is symbolic
**see section below "[[Catechism of the Catholic Church#Sacraments|Sacraments]]"
**see section below "[[Catechism of the Catholic Church#Sacraments|Sacraments]]"
*'''sacred'''
*'''sacred'''
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**from Latin ''sanctus'' "holy"  
**from Latin ''sanctus'' "holy"  
***so ''santus'' (holy) + ''facere'' ("to make or do" from PIE '''*dhe-''' "to set, put")
***so ''santus'' (holy) + ''facere'' ("to make or do" from PIE '''*dhe-''' "to set, put")
*'''Satan'''
**the personification of Evil
**the "father of lies" ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/john/8?44 Jn 8:44])
**from Hebrew ''satan'' for "adversary, one who plots against another"
=== Sc ===
*'''scatter'''
*'''scatter'''
**from Greek : diabalein
**from Greek : diabalein
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***PIE root '''*skribh-''' "to cut" as in to mark for writing on clay
***PIE root '''*skribh-''' "to cut" as in to mark for writing on clay
****see [https://www.etymonline.com/word/*skribh- Meaning of root *skribh- by etymonline]
****see [https://www.etymonline.com/word/*skribh- Meaning of root *skribh- by etymonline]
*'''Scriptures, modes of interpretation'''
*'''secular'''
**the "Four Senses of Scripture"
**"of the word" and not religion
{| class="wikitable"
**usually refers to the state (government)
|literal
***possibly from PIE '''*sai-''' "to bind, tie"
|allegorical
*'''Senses of Scripture'''
|-
**see section below (per table of contents)
|moral
|anagogical
|}
 
* example:
 
{| class="wikitable"
|+Interpreting "Jerusalem"
!Mode or "sense"
!Meaning
|-
|Literal
|the city of the Jews
|-
|Allegorical
|the Church created by Christ: the meaning of that Church
|-
|Moral
|Jerusalem as the human soul: what is the instruction God gives us?
|-
|Anagogical
|Jerusalem as salvation: what we must do to get there
|}
 
* Augustine of Dacia (13th Century; CCC 118) taught:
 
''The Letter speaks of deeds; Allegory to faith;''  
''The Moral how to act; Anagogy our destiny''
 
see also [https://www.usccb.org/bible/national-bible-week/upload/viviano-senses-scripture.pdf Viviano-SensesofScripture.indd (usccb.org)]
*'''Septuagint'''
*'''Septuagint'''
**the earliest existing Greek translation of the Old Testament, started in the 3rd Century BC and completed into the 2nd Century BC
**the earliest existing Greek translation of the Old Testament, started in the 3rd Century BC and completed into the 2nd Century BC
**the Apostles and early Christians used this version of the Hebrew Bible and incorporated it completely into the Old Testament
**the Apostles and early Christians used this version of the Hebrew Bible and incorporated it completely into the Old Testament
***including the "Deuterocanonical" books, most of which are in the Catholic and not Protestant bible.
***including the "Deuterocanonical" books, which are in the Catholic and not Protestant bibles.
*'''sin'''
*'''sin'''
**OE ''synn'' for "moral wrongdoing, injury, mischief, enmity, feud, guilt, crime, offense against God, misdeed"
**OE ''synn'' for "moral wrongdoing, injury, mischief, enmity, feud, guilt, crime, offense against God, misdeed"
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**CCC 431:
**CCC 431:
***"Because sin is always an offences against God, only he can forgive it"
***"Because sin is always an offences against God, only he can forgive it"
**"c'''apital sin'''" or "c'''apital vice'''" ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/458/ CCC 1866])
**also called the "Seven Deadly Sins"
***''pride, covetousness, lust, anger, gluttony, envy, and sloth''
**capital because these are the "head" of other sins (i.e., lead to them)
**deadly because they lead to death and damnation0
**'''mortal sin'''
***or "deadly sin"
***a willful, serious offense against God
**'''venial sin'''
***an offense against God in a light matter or without full consent of the sinner
***thereby the venial sin does not destroy grace or friendship with God
**vice:
***"Vices can be classified according to the virtues they oppose"
*'''"sleeper awake"'''
*'''"sleeper awake"'''
**= we are dead in sin (sleeping) and arise, or awake, with Christ
**= we are dead in sin (sleeping) and arise, or awake, with Christ
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**from Greek ''symbiosis'' for "living together,"; or ''symbioun'' "live together,"; and ''symbios'' "(one) living together", "husband or wife,"  
**from Greek ''symbiosis'' for "living together,"; or ''symbioun'' "live together,"; and ''symbios'' "(one) living together", "husband or wife,"  
***''syn-'' "together" + ''bios'' "life" (from PIE '''*gwei-''' "to live")
***''syn-'' "together" + ''bios'' "life" (from PIE '''*gwei-''' "to live")
*'''''Symbolon'''''
**early Church reference to the Creed
**from Greek for a "seal" or "sign of agreement", i.e., representative of something
**thus "Symbolon" represented the unity of Christian belief
*'''''synod'''''
*'''''synod'''''
**synod  
**synod  
Line 1,174: Line 1,355:
**when we refer to Jesus Christ as "God" we are referring to Him as the "Second Person of the Trinity," but not "The Trinity" itself
**when we refer to Jesus Christ as "God" we are referring to Him as the "Second Person of the Trinity," but not "The Trinity" itself
*'''typology'''
*'''typology'''
**the study of "types", related representations or symbols  
**the study of "types", related representations or symbols
**use of persons, places, etc that serve as antecedents
**use of persons, places, etc that serve as antecedents
**from "type/s" or" example" / "form"
**from "type/s" or" example" / "form"
Line 1,184: Line 1,365:
***PIE '''*tup-''' or '''*(s)teu-''' for "to push, stick, knock, beat
***PIE '''*tup-''' or '''*(s)teu-''' for "to push, stick, knock, beat
****related to "steep" for a projection (sticking out or up, as in a church "steeple")
****related to "steep" for a projection (sticking out or up, as in a church "steeple")
****or "step" for "pushing out", thus "stepchild"  
****or "step" for "pushing out", thus "stepchild"
**certain Old Testament people and events "types" "foreshadow" or "prefigure" New Testament people and events, or things of scriptural importance (baptism, Calvary, resurrection, etc.)
**certain Old Testament people and events "types" "foreshadow" or "prefigure" New Testament people and events, or things of scriptural importance (baptism, Calvary, resurrection, etc.)
**"type" may also be seen in the "print" of the nails in the hands of Christ that he showed to the Apostles after Resurrection (see John 20:25)
**"type" may also be seen in the "print" of the nails in the hands of Christ that he showed to the Apostles after Resurrection (see John 20:25)
Line 1,191: Line 1,372:
=== U-V-W ===
=== U-V-W ===


* '''Vicar'''
** a deputy priest
* '''Vicar of Christ'''
* '''Vicar of Christ'''
** the Pope (see Bishop of Rome)
** may also refer, generally to a Bishop
*** Latin ''vicaire'' for "deputy, second in command,"
** thus earthly representative of Christ
* '''veneration'''
** admiration and imitation of the Saints
*** Latin ''venerari'' "to worship, revere,"
**** ''venus'' "beauty, love, desire"
**** PIE root '''*wen-''' "to desire, strive for"
** veneration is not worship
* '''Venerable'''
** a title given to a person who is under consideration for sainthood
* '''venial''' / '''venial sin'''
* '''venial''' / '''venial sin'''
** sin that does not destroy the divine life (CCC 1855)
** sin that does not destroy the divine life (CCC 1855)
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*** (<u>note</u>: "venal" means "susceptible or motivated by bribery")
*** (<u>note</u>: "venal" means "susceptible or motivated by bribery")
* '''vocation'''
* '''vocation'''
** a calling
** a calling in life to service to God in a certain state (marriage) or order (priesthood)
** from ''vocare'' "to call"
** from ''vocare'' "to call"
* Vulgate (Bible)
* '''Vulgate (Bible)'''
** also called "Catholic Vulgate" or "Latin Vulgate"
** also called "Catholic Vulgate" or "Latin Vulgate"
*** the Bible translated into Latin
*** the Bible translated into Latin
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and the Word was God.</pre>
and the Word was God.</pre>


* John 1:14:  
* John 1:14:


  And the Word became flesh  
  And the Word became flesh  
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* remnant of the faithful
* remnant of the faithful
* Eucharistic revival
* Eucharistic revival
* "cradle Catholic"  
* "cradle Catholic"


== Rite of Christian Initiation for Adults ==
== Rite of Christian Initiation for Adults ==
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** a baptized person preparing for full communion in the Catholic Church, through the sacraments of First Holy Communion and Confirmation
** a baptized person preparing for full communion in the Catholic Church, through the sacraments of First Holy Communion and Confirmation
*'''catechesis'''
*'''catechesis'''
**the teaching of Christian doctrine in an organized and systematic way to help form people as disciples of Jesus Christ.  
**the teaching of Christian doctrine in an organized and systematic way to help form people as disciples of Jesus Christ.
*'''catechists'''  
*'''catechists'''  
**Those who perform the ministry of catechesis (CCC 5, 426-427)
**Those who perform the ministry of catechesis (CCC 5, 426-427)
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*'''catechumenate'''
*'''catechumenate'''
**religious instruction and formation in preparation for Christian Initiation
**religious instruction and formation in preparation for Christian Initiation
**its aim is to bring conversion and faith to maturity within the parish community  
**its aim is to bring conversion and faith to maturity within the parish community
*'''conversion'''
*'''conversion'''
**a radical reorientation of the whole life away from sin and evil, and toward God (CCC 1423, 1427, 1431)
**a radical reorientation of the whole life away from sin and evil, and toward God (CCC 1423, 1427, 1431)
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**the revealed truth of the Holy Trinity is at the very root of the Church's living faith as expressed in the Creed (CCC 232, 237, 249, 253-256)
**the revealed truth of the Holy Trinity is at the very root of the Church's living faith as expressed in the Creed (CCC 232, 237, 249, 253-256)


== Bible structure ==
== Catholic Bible structure ==


* 46 Old Testament and 27 New Testament books
* 46 Old Testament books
* 27 New Testament books
* here for list of the [[Books of the Bible with abbreviations]]


=== Old Testament ===
=== Old Testament ===


* four sections
* '''Pentateuch'''
** '''Pentateuch'''
* '''Historical books'''
** '''Historical books'''
* '''Wisdom'''
** '''Wisdom'''
* '''Prophets'''
** '''Prophets'''


==== Deuterocanonical books ====
*"deutero" = second, so "belonging to the second canon"
*seven books from later Old Testament writings that were accepted and studied at the time of Christ
**they also included additions to other OT works, including a Psalm
***but which later Jews (after 1st century AD) and, later, Protestants, disregarded
***primarily because of their references to intercessions of the saints, prayers to the dead, purgatory, resurrection of the body and confession
**Protestants call these books "Apocrypha" and do not consider them canonical
*the books were part of the Septuagint (a Greek translation of the Old Testament), which was the most commonly used OT form during the 1st century A.D. (times of Christ)
*Martin Luther excluded the books of Hebrews, James, Jude and Revelation from his canon (list of divine scripture
**because he claimed these books contradicted ''sola gratia'' (salvation by grace alone) and ''sola fide'' (justification by faith alone)
**Protestant doctrines of justification and salvation are called the "five ''solae''"
*see
**[https://www.catholic.com/magazine/online-edition/answering-the-most-common-objection-to-the-deuterocanonical-books Answering the Most Common Objection to the Deuterocanonical Books | Catholic Answers Magazine]
**[https://www.saintmina-holmdel.org/phocadownload/Servants/2015-2017/Deuterocanonical%20Books%20P1.pdf#:~:text=Protestants%20reject%20them%20on%202%20grounds%3A%20Jews%20didn%E2%80%99t,%282%20Maccabees%2015%3A14%29%20Intercession%20of%20angels%20%28Tobit%2012%3A12-15%29 The Deuterocanonical Books slide show]
=== New Testament ===
=== New Testament ===
* '''Gospels'''
* '''Gospels'''
* '''Acts'''
* '''Acts'''
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* '''Catholic Epistles'''  
* '''Catholic Epistles'''  
* '''Revelation'''
* '''Revelation'''
== Ten Commandments ==
== Ten Commandments ==


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=== Deuteronomy ===
=== Deuteronomy ===


# I am the LORD your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage.  
# I am the LORD your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage.
# You shall have no other gods before me. You shall not make for yourself a graven image, or any likeness of anything that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth; you shall not bow down to them or serve them; for I the LORD your God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children to the third and the fourth generation of those who hate me, but showing steadfast love to thousands of those who love me and keep my commandments.
# You shall have no other gods before me. You shall not make for yourself a graven image, or any likeness of anything that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth; you shall not bow down to them or serve them; for I the LORD your God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children to the third and the fourth generation of those who hate me, but showing steadfast love to thousands of those who love me and keep my commandments.
# You shall not take the name of the LORD your God in vain; for the LORD will not hold him guiltless who takes his name in vain.
# You shall not take the name of the LORD your God in vain; for the LORD will not hold him guiltless who takes his name in vain.
# Observe the sabbath day, to keep it holy. Six days you shall labor, and do all your work; but the seventh day is a sabbath to the LORD your God; in it you shall not do any work, you, or your son, or your daughter, your manservant, or your  maidservant or your cattle, or the sojourner who is within your gates; for in six days the LORD made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that is in them, and rested the seventh day; therefore the Lord blessed the sabbath day and hallowed it.  
# Observe the sabbath day, to keep it holy. Six days you shall labor, and do all your work; but the seventh day is a sabbath to the LORD your God; in it you shall not do any work, you, or your son, or your daughter, your manservant, or your  maidservant or your cattle, or the sojourner who is within your gates; for in six days the LORD made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that is in them, and rested the seventh day; therefore the Lord blessed the sabbath day and hallowed it.
# Honor your father and your mother, that your days may be long in the land which the LORD your God gives you.
# Honor your father and your mother, that your days may be long in the land which the LORD your God gives you.
# You shall not kill.
# You shall not kill.
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=== Exodus 20:2-17 ===
=== Exodus 20:2-17 ===


# I am the LORD your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage. I am the LORD your God,  
# I am the LORD your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage. I am the LORD your God,
# You shall have no other gods before me. You shall not make for yourself a graven image, or any likeness of anything that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth; you shall not bow down to them or serve them; for I the LORD your God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children to the third and the fourth generation of those who hate me, but showing steadfast love to thousands of those who love me and keep my commandments.
# You shall have no other gods before me. You shall not make for yourself a graven image, or any likeness of anything that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth; you shall not bow down to them or serve them; for I the LORD your God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children to the third and the fourth generation of those who hate me, but showing steadfast love to thousands of those who love me and keep my commandments.
# You shall not take the name of the LORD your God in vain; for the LORD will not hold him guiltless who takes his name in vain.
# You shall not take the name of the LORD your God in vain; for the LORD will not hold him guiltless who takes his name in vain.
# Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy. Six days you shall labor, and do all your work; but the seventh day is a sabbath to the LORD your God; in it you shall not do any work, you, or your son, or your daughter, your manservant, or your  maidservant or your cattle, or the sojourner who is within your gates; for in six days the LORD made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that is in them, and rested the seventh day; therefore the Lord blessed the sabbath day and hallowed it.  
# Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy. Six days you shall labor, and do all your work; but the seventh day is a sabbath to the LORD your God; in it you shall not do any work, you, or your son, or your daughter, your manservant, or your  maidservant or your cattle, or the sojourner who is within your gates; for in six days the LORD made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that is in them, and rested the seventh day; therefore the Lord blessed the sabbath day and hallowed it.
# Honor your father and your mother, that your days may be long in the land which the LORD your God gives you.
# Honor your father and your mother, that your days may be long in the land which the LORD your God gives you.
# You shall not kill.
# You shall not kill.
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* [http://scborromeo.org/ccc/command.htm Catechism of the Catholic Church - PART 3 SECTION 2 - TEN COMMANDMENTS CHART (scborromeo.org)]
* [http://scborromeo.org/ccc/command.htm Catechism of the Catholic Church - PART 3 SECTION 2 - TEN COMMANDMENTS CHART (scborromeo.org)]


== The Beatitudes ==
== Senses of Scripture: modes of interpretation ==


* The Beatitudes are at the heart of Jesus' preaching. They take up the promises made to the chosen people since Abraham. The Beatitudes fulfill the promises by ordering them no longer merely to the possession of a territory, but to the Kingdom of heaven ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/428/ CCC 1717]):
=== The "Four Senses of Scripture" ===
{| class="wikitable"
|'''Literal'''<br>the direct meaning of the text
|'''Allegorical'''<br>the metaphorical meaning or analogy presented by the tex
|-
|'''Moral'''<br>(also called "Tropological")<br>
the moral lesson from the text, or lesson on difference between right and wrong
|'''Anagogical'''<br>how to apply the lesson of the text into our lives and faith
|}


=== Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. ===
* Scripture frequently operates at multiple levels of "literal" (means exactly what it says) or "figurative" (it suggests or references something else or a larger idea)
* Augustine of Dacia (13th Century; CCC 118) taught:


''The Letter speaks of deeds; Allegory to faith;''
''The Moral how to act; Anagogy our destiny''
* examples of employing the Four Senses of Scripture:
{| class="wikitable"
|+Interpreting "Jerusalem"
!Mode or "sense"
!Meaning
|-
|Literal
|the city of the Jews
|-
|Allegorical
|the Church created by Christ: the meaning of that Church
|-
|Moral
|Jerusalem as the human soul: what is the instruction God gives us?
|-
|Anagogical
|Jerusalem as salvation: what we must do to get there
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Interpreting [https://bible.usccb.org/bible/matthew/16:5 "The Leaven of the Pharisees and Sadducees" (Mt 16:5-12)]
!Mode or "sense"
!Meaning
|-
|Literal
|Jesus tells the Apostles, “Look out, and beware of the leaven* of the Pharisees and Sadducees” and they say among themselves, “It is because we have brought no bread," thus taking Jesus' analogy literally.
The literal meaning is that the Pharisees and Sadducees use yeast in their bread, which transforms the bread from its original form (leaven, such as yeast, is used to make bread "rise").
|-
|Allegorical
|Jesus admonishes them, "You of little faith, why do you conclude among yourselves that it is because you have no bread?" And, in a rare moment in the Gospels, Jesus explains the analogy: "How do you not comprehend that I was not speaking to you about bread? Beware of the leaven of the Pharisees and Sadducees.” Thus, their "leaven" corrupts the teachings of God.
|-
|Moral
|Beware of false teachers.
|-
|Anagogical
|If we focus on Christ, we will not stray from God.
|}
* see also [https://www.usccb.org/bible/national-bible-week/upload/viviano-senses-scripture.pdf Viviano-SensesofScripture.indd (usccb.org)]
== Sermon on the Mount ==
* The "Sermon on the Mount" is the first set of teachings in the Book of Matthew
* it begins in Matthew Chapter 5 ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/matthew/5 Mt 5:1-2])
When he saw the crowds,* he went up the mountain, and after he had sat down, his disciples came to him. He began to teach them, saying: ...
* Verses 3-12 are "'''the Beatitudes'''"
* The Beatitudes are at the heart of Jesus' preaching. They take up the promises made to the chosen people since Abraham. The Beatitudes fulfill the promises by ordering them no longer merely to the possession of a territory, but to the Kingdom of heaven ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/428/ CCC 1717])
* the Gospel of Luke, also records Jesus' teachings on the Beatitudes, Chapter [https://bible.usccb.org/bible/luke/6?20 6:20-23]
** in what is called in Luke the "Sermon on the Plain"
** so Luke records a similar teaching by Jesus at another place
* notes on details:
** "he went up to the mountain" = as Mosel went up the mountain to receive the Ten Commandments, Jesus pronounces the New Law from a mountain top
** "after he had sat down" = in Jewish culture, a teacher sits to teach
** "his disciples came to him" = Jesus requires that his followers choose him (he selects the Apostles, telling some of them, "Follow me."
== Beatitudes from the Gospel of Matthew ==
* from the "'''Sermon on the Mount'''" in Matthew [https://bible.usccb.org/bible/matthew/5 Chapters Five]  & [https://bible.usccb.org/bible/matthew/6 Six]
'''''Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven.'''''
* "poor in spirit"  
* "poor in spirit"  
** "poor" wanting (needing, in need of)
** "poor" wanting (needing, in need of)
Line 1,368: Line 1,646:
** thereby, "poor in spirit" =
** thereby, "poor in spirit" =
** in need of and longing for God and his grace
** in need of and longing for God and his grace
 
'''''Blessed are those who mourn, for they shall be comforted.'''''
=== Blessed are those who mourn, for they shall be comforted. ===
 
* mourn = "to grieve"
* mourn = "to grieve"
** one mourns for regret, for loss
** one mourns for regret, for loss
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*** and the state of the human world  
*** and the state of the human world  
** and we seek comfort and relief from our sins from God
** and we seek comfort and relief from our sins from God
 
'''''Blessed are the meek, for they shall inherit the earth.'''''
=== Blessed are the meek, for they shall inherit the earth. ===
 
* meek = gentle, humble, forgiving,  
* meek = gentle, humble, forgiving,  
** gives no offense, takes no offense
** gives no offense, takes no offense
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  Take my yoke upon you and learn from me, for I am meek and humble of heart; and you will find rest for yourselves.  
  Take my yoke upon you and learn from me, for I am meek and humble of heart; and you will find rest for yourselves.  
  ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/matthew/11:29 Mt. 11:29])
  ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/matthew/11:29 Mt. 11:29])
 
'''''Blessed are those who hunger and thirst for righteousness, for they shall be satisfied.'''''
=== Blessed are those who hunger and thirst for righteousness, for they shall be satisfied. ===
 
* righteousness = sinless, justified
* righteousness = sinless, justified
** indicates correctness with and obedience to God
** indicates correctness with and obedience to God
Line 1,406: Line 1,678:


* the righteous act on God's behalf and in the glory of his name, not on or for themselves
* the righteous act on God's behalf and in the glory of his name, not on or for themselves
** note that Jesus criticizes those who wrongly consider themselves righteous (see [https://bible.usccb.org/bible/matthew/23:28 Mt 23:28], [https://bible.usccb.org/bible/matthew/25?37 Mt. 25:37])
'''''Blessed are the merciful, for they shall obtain mercy.'''''
 
=== Blessed are the merciful, for they shall obtain mercy. ===
 
* merciful = forgiving and giving
* merciful = forgiving and giving
** giving indicates acting on mercy, not just feeling or expressing mercy
** giving indicates acting on mercy, not just feeling or expressing mercy
 
'''''Blessed are the pure in heart, for they shall see God.'''''
=== Blessed are the pure in heart, for they shall see God. ===
 
* pure = all, complete, lacking nothing
* pure = all, complete, lacking nothing
* the pure heart governs all actions, choices, desires and emotions
* the pure heart governs all actions, choices, desires and emotions
Line 1,421: Line 1,688:


  You shall love the Lord, your God, with all your heart, with all your soul, and with all your mind. ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/matthew/22?37 Mt 22:37])
  You shall love the Lord, your God, with all your heart, with all your soul, and with all your mind. ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/matthew/22?37 Mt 22:37])
 
'''''Blessed are the peacemakers, for they shall be called sons of God.'''''
=== Blessed are the peacemakers, for they shall be called sons of God. ===
 
* peacemakers end conflict, seek reconciliation
* peacemakers end conflict, seek reconciliation
* = gatherers, gathering, bringing together, not separating
* = gatherers, gathering, bringing together, not separating
 
'''''Blessed are those who are persecuted for righteousness' sake, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven.'''''
=== Blessed are those who are persecuted for righteousness' sake, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. ===
 
* "for righteousness sake" means doing the right thing for God
* "for righteousness sake" means doing the right thing for God
* Jesus warns us to focus on God and not the things of the world, which leads to death (in sin)
* Jesus warns us to focus on God and not the things of the world, which leads to death (in sin)
** and thus to seek righteousness with God and not the things of the world:
** and thus to seek righteousness with God and not the things of the world:
  What profit is there for one to gain the whole world and forfeit his life? ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/mark/8?36 Mk 8:36])
  What profit is there for one to gain the whole world and forfeit his life? ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/mark/8?36 Mk 8:36])
 
'''''Blessed are you when men revile you and persecute you and utter all kinds of evil against you falsely on my account.'''''
=== Blessed are you when men revile you and persecute you and utter all kinds of evil against you falsely on my account. ===
 
*Jesus warns us frequently that the world will hate us on his account, such as from  [https://bible.usccb.org/bible/mark/13:13 Mk 13:13]:  
*Jesus warns us frequently that the world will hate us on his account, such as from  [https://bible.usccb.org/bible/mark/13:13 Mk 13:13]:  


Line 1,442: Line 1,703:
* thereby, we will be rewarded if we stand up for God despite hatred and persecution for it
* thereby, we will be rewarded if we stand up for God despite hatred and persecution for it
* note that every Apostle except John died a martyr
* note that every Apostle except John died a martyr
'''''Rejoice and be glad, for your reward is great in heaven.'''''
* if we follow the Beatitudes, we can "rejoice and be glad" now as well as in heaven
* for example, In Matthew Chapter 11 ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/matthew/11:30 Mt 11:30]), Jesus tells us that his way is joyful and not burdensome (difficult to bear):
For my yoke is easy, and my burden light.
== Sermon on the Mount (continuing after the Beatitudes) ==


=== Rejoice and be glad, for your reward is great in heaven. ===
* after the Beatitudes, the Sermon on the Mount continues


* if we follow the Beatitudes, we can "rejoice and be glad" now as well as in heaven
=== Similes of Salt and Light ===
* Jesus tells us that his way is joyful and not burdensome (difficult to bear):
* after declaring the Beatitudes, Jesus describes God's people as "salt" and "Light"
* using the analogies of salt and light, Jesus describes God's people
* From Matthew [https://bible.usccb.org/bible/matthew/5?13 5:13-16]:
 
===== Salt of the earth =====
“You are the salt of the earth. But if salt loses its taste, with what can it be seasoned? It is no longer good for anything but to be thrown out and trampled underfoot”
 
==== Light of the world ====
You are the light of the world. A city set on a mountain cannot be hidden.
Nor do they light a lamp and then put it under a bushel basket; it is set on a lampstand, where it gives light to all in the house.
Just so, your light must shine before others, that they may see your good deeds and glorify your heavenly Father.
 
=== Matthew's Antithesis ===
* Next, Jesus clarifies several of the Ten Commandments ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/matthew/5?17 Mt 5:17-48])
* this section is called "Matthew's Antithesis" because he states one idea, then expands, clarifies, or contradicts it
** antithesis = "a contrast between two things"
* Jesus states a common understanding by the Jews of the Ten Commandments (given them by Moses)
** "''You have heard that it was said to your ancestors...''" ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/matthew/5:21 Mt. 5:21])
* he paraphrases or quotes from Moses and the Commandments, which is the first "thesis" (a claim or idea)
** "''You have heard that it was said 'to your ancestors, ‘You shall not kill; and whoever kills will be liable to judgment.’''" ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/matthew/5:21 Mt. 5:21])
* then answers, contrasts, or explains it with his own "thesis"
** thus it is called an "antithesis" because it responds to the first thesis
** "''But I say to you...''"  ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/matthew/5:22 Mt. 5:22])
* thus the "antitheses" refer to Jesus' responses, additions or clarifications of the Ten Commandments
** especially in terms of their implication
** ex., "Thou Shalt Not Kill" and "Thou Shalt Not Commit Adultery" command not just against the acts but their origin in the heart
** Thereby Jesus does not change the Commandments, he clarifies and extends them
* he starts by explaining that the Ten Commandments are still Law:
'''Teaching About the Law'''
Do not think that I have come to abolish the law or the prophets. I have come not to abolish but to fulfill.(Mt 5:17)
 
* then goes through six of the Commandments:
'''Teaching About Anger'''
“You have heard that it was said to your ancestors, ‘You shall not kill; and whoever kills will be liable to judgment.’ But I say to you, whoever is angry with his brother will be liable to judgment.” (Mt 5:21-22)
'''Teaching About Adultery'''
“You have heard that it was said, ‘You shall not commit adultery.’ But I say to you, everyone who looks at a woman with lust has already committed adultery with her in his heart.” (Mt 5:27-28)
'''Teaching About Divorce'''
It was also said, ‘Whoever divorces his wife must give her a bill of divorce.’ But I say to you, whoever divorces his wife (unless the marriage is unlawful) causes her to commit adultery, and whoever marries a divorced woman commits adultery. (Mt 5:31-32)
'''Teaching About Oaths'''
Let your ‘Yes’ mean ‘Yes,’ and your ‘No’ mean ‘No.’ Anything more is from the evil one. (Mt 5:37)
'''Teaching About Retaliation'''
“You have heard that it was said, ‘An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth.’ But I say to you, offer no resistance to one who is evil. When someone strikes you on [your] right cheek, turn the other one to him as well.” (Mt 5:38-39)
'''Love of Enemies'''
 
''“You have heard that it was said, ‘You shall love your neighbor and hate your enemy.’  But I say to you, love your enemies, and pray for those who persecute you, that you may be children of your heavenly Father, for he makes his sun rise on the bad and the good, and causes rain to fall on the just and the unjust.”'' (Mt 43-48)
 
* Jesus then adds,
 
So be perfect, just as your heavenly Father is perfect. (5:1-
'''Teaching About Almsgiving'''
[But] take care not to perform righteous deeds in order that people may see them; otherwise, you will have no recompense from your heavenly Father.
'''Teaching About Prayer'''
“When you pray, do not be like the hypocrites, who love to stand and pray in the synagogues and on street corners so that others may see them. Amen, I say to you, they have received their reward. But when you pray, go to your inner room, close the door, and pray to your Father in secret. And your Father who sees in secret will repay you. In praying, do not babble like the pagans, who think that they will be heard because of their many words. Do not be like them. Your Father knows what you need before you ask him. (Mt 6:5-8)
'''The Lord's Prayer'''
“This is how you are to pray ...
 
* see below for "Our Father" prayer
'''Teaching About Fasting'''
so that you may not appear to others to be fasting, except to your Father who is hidden. And your Father who sees what is hidden will repay you. (Mt. 6:18)
 
Treasure in Heaven
 
For where your treasure is, there also will your heart be. (Mt. 6:21)
'''The Light of the Body'''
but if your eye is bad, your whole body will be in darkness. And if the light in you is darkness, how great will the darkness be. (Mt 6:23)
'''God and Money'''
No one can serve two masters. (Mt 6:24)
'''Dependence on God'''
Do not worry about tomorrow; tomorrow will take care of itself. Sufficient for a day is its own evil. (Mt 6:34)
 
== Beatitudes & Woes from the Gospel of Luke ==
* from the "'''Sermon on the Plain'''" in the Book of [https://bible.usccb.org/bible/luke/6?20 Luke 6:20-23]
* = same as five of the Beatitudes from Matthew Ch. 5, worded slightly differently
 
=== Beatitudes from the Gospel of Luke ===
From Luke [https://bible.usccb.org/bible/luke/6?20 Ch 6:20-23]
Blessed are you who are poor, for the kingdom of God is yours.
Blessed are you who are now hungry, for you will be satisfied.
Blessed are you who are now weeping, for you will laugh.
Blessed are you when people hate you, and when they exclude and insult you, and denounce your name as evil on account of the Son of Man.
Rejoice and leap for joy on that day! Behold, your reward will be great in heaven. For their ancestors treated the prophets in the same way.
 
Rejoice and leap for joy on that day! Behold, your reward will be great in heaven. For their ancestors treated the prophets in the same way.
 
=== The Woes from the Gospel of Luke ===
* from the "'''Sermon on the Plain'''" in the Book of [https://bible.usccb.org/bible/luke/6?20 Luke 6:24-49]
* excerpts include
 
But woe to you who are rich, for you have received your consolation.
But woe to you who are filled now, for you will be hungry.
Woe to you who laugh now, for you will grieve and weep
Woe to you when all speak well of you, for their ancestors treated the false prophets in this way.
 
== Nicene Creed ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+Parts of the Creed: “The three chapters of our [baptismal] seal” ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/54/ CCC 190])
| colspan="2" |
=== Part 1: The first divine Person and the wonderful work of creation ===
|-
|'''I believe in one God, the Father almighty,'''
 
'''maker of heaven and earth,'''
 
'''of all things visible and invisible.'''
|
* “The faithful first profess their belief in God” ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/56/ CCC 199])
 
* The confession of God's oneness, which has its roots in the divine revelation of the Old Covenant, is inseparable from the profession of God's existence and is equally fundamental. God is unique; there is only one God: "The Christian faith confesses that God is one in nature, substance and essence.“ ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/56/ CCC 200])
|-
| colspan="2" |
=== Part 2: The second divine Person and the mystery of his redemption of men ===
|-
|'''I believe in one Lord Jesus Christ,'''
 
'''the Only Begotten Son of God,'''
 
'''born of the Father before all ages.'''
 
'''God from God, Light from Light, true God from true God,'''
 
'''begotten, not made, consubstantial with the Father;'''
 
'''through him all things were made.'''
|
* Jesus affirms “the one Lord” ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/mark/12?29 Mk 12:29-30]) and also that he himself is the Lord ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/mark/12?35 Mk 12:35-37])
 
* confession of Jesus as Lord (or of the Holy Spirit) in no way contradicts belief in One God ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/56/ CCC 202])
 
** “He was in the beginning with God.([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/john/1?2 Jn 1:2])
 
** Jesus Christ is true God and true man” ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/118/ CCC 464])
 
* “begotten not made” = the Son is of the Father and not created; ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/118/ CCC 465])
 
* Jesus says, “No one knows the Son except the Father, and no one knows the Father except the Son and any one to whom the Son chooses to reveal him” ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/matthew/11?27 Mt 11:27] from [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/64/ CCC 240])
 
* "All things came to be through him, and without him nothing came to be” ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/john/1?3 Jn 1:3])
|-
|'''For us men and for our salvation he came down from heaven,'''
 
'''[bow during the next two lines:]'''
 
'''and by the Holy Spirit was incarnate of the Virgin Mary,'''
 
'''and became man.'''
|
* The Good News: God has sent his Son ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/108/ CCC Pt. I 2:2])
 
* The Word became flesh so that thus we might know God's love ... "For God so loved the world that he gave his only Son, that whoever believes in him should not perish but have eternal life.“ ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/john/3?16 Jn 3:16] from [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/116/ CCC 458])
 
* so that we may be "partakers of the divine nature" ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/2peter/1?4 2 Pet 1:4] per [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/116/ CCC 460])
 
•the Son of God assumed a human nature in order to accomplish our salvation in it. ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/116/ CCC 461])
 
•“And being found in human form he humbled himself and became obedient unto death, even death on a cross” ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/philippians/2?7 Phil 2:7-8] per [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/116/ CCC 461])
 
•The Annunciation to Mary inaugurates "the fullness of time", the time of the fulfillment of God's promises and preparations. ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/124/ CCC 484])
 
•The Virgin Mary "cooperated through free faith and obedience in human salvation" (LG 56). She uttered her yes "in the name of all human nature" (St. Thomas Aquinas, STh III, 30, 1). By her obedience she became the new Eve, mother of the living. ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/130/ CCC 511])
|-
|'''For our sake he was crucified under Pontius Pilate,'''
 
'''he suffered death and was buried,'''
 
'''and rose again on the third day in accordance with the Scriptures.'''
 
'''He ascended into heaven and is seated at the right hand of the Father.'''
 
'''He will come again in glory to judge the living and the dead'''
 
'''and his kingdom will have no end.'''
|
* For overview of Catholic belief in Christ, see [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/108/ CCC 423]
 
* God's saving plan was accomplished "once for all" by the redemptive death of his Son Jesus Christ. ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/148/ CCC 571])
 
* CHRIST'S REDEMPTIVE DEATH IN GOD'S PLAN OF SALVATION (title, [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/156/ CCC Pt 1, 2,4])
 
* The Scriptures had foretold this divine plan of salvation through the putting to death of "the righteous one, my Servant" as a mystery of universal redemption, that is, as the ransom that would free men from the slavery of sin.([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/156/ CCC 601])
 
* "Christ died and lived again, that he might be Lord both of the dead and of the living.” ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/romans/14?9 Rom 14:9], from [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/176/ CCC 668])
 
* Christ is Lord of eternal life. Full right to pass definitive judgment on the works and hearts of men belongs to him as redeemer of the world. He "acquired" this right by his cross. The Father has given "all judgment to the Son". Yet the Son did not come to judge, but to save and to give the life he has in himself. By rejecting grace in this life, one already judges oneself, receives according to one's works, and can even condemn oneself for all eternity by rejecting the Spirit of love. ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/178/ CCC 679])
|-
| colspan="2" |
 
=== Part 3: The third divine Person, the origin and source of our sanctification ===
|-
|'''I believe in the Holy Spirit, the Lord, the giver of life,'''
 
'''who proceeds from the Father and the Son,'''
 
'''who with the Father and the Son is adored and glorified,'''
 
'''who has spoken through the prophets.'''
|
* "Holy Spirit" is the proper name of the one whom we adore and glorify with the Father and the Son. The Church has received this name from the Lord and professes it in the Baptism of her new children. ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/184/ CCC 691])
 
* Through his grace, the Holy Spirit is the first to awaken faith in us and to communicate to us the new life, which is to "know the Father and the one whom he has sent, Jesus Christ." ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/180/ CCC 684])
 
* To believe in the Holy Spirit is to profess that the Holy Spirit is one of the persons of the Holy Trinity, consubstantial with the Father and the Son: "with the Father and the Son he is worshipped and glorified.“ ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/182/ CCC 685])
 
* The mission of Christ and the Holy Spirit is brought to completion in the Church, which is the Body of Christ and the Temple of the Holy Spirit. ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/196/ CCC 737])
 
* For the symbols of the Holy Spirit see [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/184/ CCC 694-701]
|-
|'''I believe in one, holy, catholic and apostolic Church.'''
'''I confess one baptism for the forgiveness of sins'''
 
'''and I look forward to the resurrection of the dead'''
 
'''and the life of the world to come.'''
 
'''Amen.'''
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* To believe that the Church is "holy" and "catholic," and that she is "one" and "apostolic" (as the Nicene Creed adds), is inseparable from belief in God, the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit. ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/198/ CCC 750])
 
* The Church is both the means and the goal of God's plan: prefigured in creation, prepared for in the Old Covenant, founded by the words and actions of Jesus Christ, fulfilled by his redeeming cross and his Resurrection, the Church has been manifested as the mystery of salvation by the outpouring of the Holy Spirit. ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/206/ CCC 778])
 
* Summary [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/232/ CCC 866-870]:
** '''The Church is one''': she acknowledges one Lord, confesses one faith, is born of one Baptism, forms only one Body, is given life by the one Spirit, for the sake of one hope...
** '''The Church is holy''': the Most Holy God is her author; Christ, her bridegroom, gave himself up to make her holy; the Spirit of holiness gives her life. ... Her holiness shines in the saints; in Mary she is already all-holy.
** '''The Church is catholic''': she proclaims the fullness of the faith. She bears in herself and administers the totality of the means of salvation. She is sent out to all peoples. She speaks to all men. She encompasses all times.
** '''The Church is apostolic'''. She is built on a lasting foundation: "the twelve apostles of the Lamb" ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/revelation/21?14 Rev 21:14]). She is indestructible (cf. [https://bible.usccb.org/bible/matthew/16?18 Mt 16:18]). She is upheld infallibly in the truth: Christ governs her through Peter and the other apostles, who are present in their successors, the Pope and the college of bishops.
 
* Faith is necessary for salvation. The Lord himself affirms: "He who believes and is baptized will be saved; but he who does not believe will be condemned" ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/mark/16?16 Mk 16:16] from [https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/50/ CCC 183])


For my yoke is easy, and my burden light.” ([https://bible.usccb.org/bible/matthew/11:30 Mt 11:30])
* All the sacraments, and principally those of Christian initiation, have as their goal the last Passover of the child of God which, through death, leads him into the life of the Kingdom. Then what he confessed in faith and hope will be fulfilled: "I look for the resurrection of the dead, and the life of the world to come.“ ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/420/ CCC 1680])
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== "Our Father" prayer ==
== "Our Father" prayer ==
*''oratio Dominica''
*''oratio Dominica''
*also,
**"Lord's Prayer"
**''Pater Noster''
*"taught and given to us by the Lord Jesus." ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/664/ CCC 2765])
*"taught and given to us by the Lord Jesus." ([https://www.usccb.org/sites/default/files/flipbooks/catechism/664/ CCC 2765])
**
*doxology
*minor doxology
**the Didache (a collection of early Church teachings, c. AD 50-120) taught the Lord's Prayer with an ending minor doxology
"for Thine is the power and the glory for ever" ([https://www.earlychristianwritings.com/text/didache-roberts.html Didache, Ch. 8])
*>> to do
*>> to do
*Saint Augustine of Hippo:
**https://www.crossroadsinitiative.com/media/articles/ourfatheronthelordsprayer/


== Seven gifts of the Holy Spirit ==
== Seven gifts of the Holy Spirit ==
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== Catechism translations ==
== Catechism translations ==
<nowiki>**</nowiki> section under construction **
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+Chapter One: Man's Capacity for God
|+Chapter One: Man's Capacity for God
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