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Climate: Difference between revisions
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Climate | Climate | ||
* from Latin ''clima'' for "region, slope of the earth | * from Latin ''clima'' for "region, slope of the earth | ||
** from PIE '''*klei-''' "to lean" | ** from [[PIE proto-Indo-European language|PIE]] '''*klei-''' "to lean" | ||
** so "climate" indicates weather patterns in different parts, zones or regions of the earth | ** so "climate" indicates weather patterns in different parts, zones or regions of the earth | ||
* climate is primarily related to distance from the equator | * climate is primarily related to distance from the equator | ||
| Line 10: | Line 10: | ||
>> to do: combine w/ [[Climate change]] page | >> to do: combine w/ [[Climate change]] page | ||
>> probably best to separate into two articles Climate Outline and Climate Change Ouline | >> probably best to separate into two articles Climate Outline and Climate Change Ouline | ||
== Climate classifications == | |||
[[File:Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification Map.png|thumb|Köppen–Geiger climate map (wikipedia)]] | |||
=== Köppen-Geiger classifications === | |||
* developed in 1884 by Köppen | |||
** revised bin 1918 & 1936 by Geiger | |||
* classifies by | |||
** seasonal precipitation | |||
** temperature patterns | |||
** | |||
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible" | |||
|+Köppen climate classification scheme symbols description table (wikipedia) | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
!<small>1st</small> | |||
!<small>Average Temperature</small> | |||
!<small>Seasonal Precipitation</small> | |||
!<small>2nd</small> | |||
!<small>3rd</small> | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="4" |<small>A (Tropical)</small> | |||
| rowspan="4" |<small>every month of the year has average temperature at least 64.4 F or higher (18C+)</small> | |||
| rowspan="4" |<small>significant</small> | |||
|<small>f (Rainforest)</small> | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|<small>m (Monsoon)</small> | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|<small>w (Savanna, Dry winter)</small> | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|<small>s (Savanna, Dry summer)</small> | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="4" |<small>B (Arid)</small> | |||
| rowspan="4" |<small>No month with average temperature above 50.0 F or higher (10C)</small> | |||
| rowspan="4" |<small>little</small> | |||
|<small>W (Desert)</small> | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|<small>S (Steppe)</small> | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
| | |||
|<small>h (Hot)</small> | |||
|- | |||
| | |||
|<small>k (Cold)</small> | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="6" |<small>C (Temperate)</small> | |||
| rowspan="6" |<small>Coldest month average temperature between 32F (0C) and 64.4F (18C)</small> | |||
<small>and at least one month average temperature above 50F (10C)</small> | |||
| rowspan="6" |<small>Either dry winter or dry summer, with opposite wet season</small> | |||
|<small>w (Dry winter)</small> | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|<small>f (No dry season)</small> | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|<small>s (Dry summer)</small> | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
| | |||
|<small>a (Hot summer)</small> | |||
|- | |||
| | |||
|<small>b (Warm summer)</small> | |||
|- | |||
| | |||
|<small>c (Cold summer)</small> | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="7" |<small>D (Continental)</small> | |||
| rowspan="7" |<small>At least one month average temperature below 32F (0C)</small> | |||
<small>and at least one month average temperature above 50F (10C)</small> | |||
| rowspan="7" |variable classes of seasonal rainfall, wet/dry seasons or no seasonal variation in rainfall | |||
|<small>w (Dry winter)</small> | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|<small>f (No dry season)</small> | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|<small>s (Dry summer)</small> | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
| | |||
|<small>a (Hot summer)</small> | |||
|- | |||
| | |||
|<small>b (Warm summer)</small> | |||
|- | |||
| | |||
|<small>c (Cold summer)</small> | |||
|- | |||
| | |||
|<small>d (Very cold winter)</small> | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2" |<small>E (Polar)</small> | |||
| rowspan="2" |Every month has average temperature below 50F (10C) | |||
| rowspan="2" |n/a | |||
|<small>T (Tundra)</small> | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|<small>F (Eternal frost (ice cap))</small> | |||
| | |||
|} | |||
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification | |||
=== Trewartha climate classification === | |||
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Trewartha_climate_classification_world_map.png#/media/File:Trewartha_climate_classification_world_map.png | |||
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trewartha_climate_classification#/media/File:Trewartha_climate_classification_world_map.png | |||
== Climate periods == | == Climate periods == | ||