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US Constitution study guide: Difference between revisions
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** which is listed in Article I, Section 8}}''' and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America. | ** which is listed in Article I, Section 8}}''' and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America. | ||
== {{#tip-text: Article 1.|establishes the structures, duties, and powers of the legislative branch, i.e. the Congress}} (establishes the legislative branch== | == {{#tip-text: Article 1.|establishes the structures, duties, and powers of the legislative branch, i.e. the Congress}} (establishes the legislative branch)== | ||
==={{#tip-text: Section 1.|creates the House of Representatives as one of two "houses" of Congress (bicameral legislature; other house = Senate)}} (establishes the House of Representatives)=== | ==={{#tip-text: Section 1.|creates the House of Representatives as one of two "houses" of Congress (bicameral legislature; other house = Senate)}} (establishes the House of Representatives)=== | ||
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=== {{#tip-text: Section 2.| | === {{#tip-text: Section 2.| | ||
* defines the composition of and requirements for election to the House of Representatives | * defines the composition of and requirements for election to the House of Representatives | ||
* how the members of the House will be elected | * how the members of the House will be elected | ||
* how their representation will be calculated ("apportionment") via a census | * how their representation will be calculated ("apportionment") via a census | ||
** since no census had been conducted, Section 2. sets the number of representatives per each of the original states | ** since no census had been conducted, Section 2. sets the number of representatives per each of the original states | ||
}}=== | }} (composition of the House & requirements for office) === | ||
The '''{{#tip-text: House of Representatives| | The '''{{#tip-text: House of Representatives| | ||
* members of the House shall be elected very two years | * members of the House shall be elected very two years | ||
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* the extent of impeachment is limited to removal from office and no other civil or criminal punishment}}'''. | * the extent of impeachment is limited to removal from office and no other civil or criminal punishment}}'''. | ||
=== {{#tip-text: Section 3.| creates the Senate as one of two "houses" of Congress (bicameral legislature; other house = House of Representatives)}} ( | === {{#tip-text: Section 3.| creates the Senate as one of two "houses" of Congress (bicameral legislature; other house = House of Representatives)}} (establishes the Senate, its composition & requirements for office)=== | ||
The '''{{#tip-text: Senate of the United States| | The '''{{#tip-text: Senate of the United States| | ||
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=== {{#tip-text: Section 5.| | === {{#tip-text: Section 5.| | ||
affirms independence of each house in protection of interference upon one another | affirms independence of each house in protection of interference upon one another | ||
* an important element of the checks and balances, even within the legislature itself}}=== | * an important element of the checks and balances, even within the legislature itself}} (=== | ||
Each House shall be the Judge of the Elections, Returns, and Qualifications of its own Members, and a Majority of each shall constitute a | Each House shall be the Judge of the Elections, Returns, and Qualifications of its own Members, and a Majority of each shall constitute a | ||
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* the minimum number of representatives necessary for either house to meet | * the minimum number of representatives necessary for either house to meet | ||
* this number is set at 51% of the total number of representatives in either house (House or Senate)}}''' to do Business; but a smaller Number may adjourn from day to day, and may be authorized to compel the Attendance of absent Members, in such Manner, and under such Penalties as each House may provide. | * this number is set at 51% of the total number of representatives in either house (House or Senate)}}''' to do Business; but a smaller Number may adjourn from day to day, and may be authorized to compel the Attendance of absent Members, in such Manner, and under such Penalties as each House may provide. | ||
* Madison's [[Federalist no. 51]] discussed the theory of "Separate and distinct" powers between the houses of Congress | |||
Each House may determine the '''{{#tip-text: Rules of its Proceedings| | Each House may determine the '''{{#tip-text: Rules of its Proceedings| | ||